Anatomy Lecture Outlines and Terminology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the anatomical position?

Standing upright with feet parallel and flat on the floor, head level, and eyes looking forward (correct)

Sitting with crossed legs and hands on the knees

Bending forward with arms reaching towards the ground

Standing with feet together and toes pointing outward

What does a coronal plane divide the body into?

Right and left halves

Anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts (correct)

Superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts

Upper and lower extremities

Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?

Horizontal / axial plane

Transverse plane

Sagittal plane (correct)

Coronal plane

What is another name for a transverse plane?

Crosssectional plane Signup and view all the answers

Which directional term refers to the back side of the body?

Posterior Signup and view all the answers

Which body cavity houses the brain?

Cranial cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the integumentary system?

Regulating temperature Signup and view all the answers

Which skeleton includes the limbs and joints?

Appendicular skeleton Signup and view all the answers

Which directional term means 'toward the midline of the body'?

Medial Signup and view all the answers

What type of section allows for views not aligned to sagittal, frontal, or transverse planes?

Oblique section Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a section that is close to an attachment point?

Proximal Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of serous cavities in the body?

Protecting organs Signup and view all the answers

Which cavity houses the heart and lungs?

Thoracic cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the body cavities?

Contain and protect organs Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hyoid in the axial skeleton?

Serving as attachment point for muscles and ligaments Signup and view all the answers

What are the two subdivisions of the abdominopelvic cavity?

Abdominal and pelvic subdivisions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the epidermis?

Synthesis and storage of vitamin D Signup and view all the answers

Which pigment is responsible for dark skin colors?

Melanin Signup and view all the answers

Where are apocrine sweat glands primarily found?

Axillary and anogenital areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ceruminous glands?

Secrete cerumen Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the strength and toughness of the skin?

Collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis Signup and view all the answers

What do tension lines tend to do in the limbs?

Spiral longitudinally Signup and view all the answers

Which category of fascia lies just deep to and is attached to the dermis of the skin?

Superficial (subcutaneous) fascia Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the pinkish hue of the skin?

Hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin contains adipose and areolar connective tissue?

Hypodermis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sebaceous glands?

Secrete an oily secretion called sebum Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to skin color most obvious in the palms and soles of the feet?

Carotene Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to dark skin colors?

Melanin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

MRI scans use multiple planes for imaging: Coronal, frontal, median sagittal, transverse, horizontal, axial, and oblique
Directional terms of the body are used to describe positions: Anterior (front), posterior (back), dorsal (back side), ventral (belly side), superior (toward head), inferior (toward feet), caudal (rear), cranial (head), medial (toward midline), lateral (away from midline), deep (inside), and superficial (outside)
Appendages, such as limbs, have relative and directional terms: Proximal (close to attachment) and distal (far from attachment)
Body is divided into two main regions: Axial (head, neck, and trunk) and appendicular (limbs)
Axial skeleton includes: Skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, hyoid, muscles acting on the skeleton, and nerves
Appendicular skeleton includes: Limbs, muscles acting on the skeleton, and joints
Body cavities: Dorsal (houses nervous system), cranial (houses brain), and ventral (houses organs). Subdivisions include: Thoracic (lungs, heart), abdominopelvic (stomach, intestines, etc.), and serous (lined by serous membranes)
Serous cavities have pericardium (around the heart) and pleura (around the lungs)
Abdominopelvic cavity is separated into abdominal and pelvic subdivisions
Integumentary system: Largest organ (skin), consisting of epidermis (outer), dermis (middle), and hypodermis (deep)
Skin provides protection, contains structures, regulates temperature, and prevents dehydration.
Body cavities serve to protect organs, separate regions, and are filled with fluids (serous or other).
Oblique sections can be used for imaging, allowing for views not aligned to sagittal, frontal, or transverse planes.