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Questions and Answers
Which condition is more common in boys aged 3-12 years?
Which condition is more common in boys aged 3-12 years?
- Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (correct)
- Congenital hip dysplasia
- Trochanteric bursitis
- Osteoporotic femoral neck fractures
What mechanism of injury can lead to femoral neck stress fracture?
What mechanism of injury can lead to femoral neck stress fracture?
- Fall or hit knee causing jarring to hip
- Trochanteric bursitis
- Direct trauma to the lateral hip
- Repetitive loading (running, jumping, race walking) (correct)
Where does 'External snapping' occur in the body?
Where does 'External snapping' occur in the body?
- Femoral head
- Greater trochanter of femur (correct)
- Iliofemoral ligament
- Lesser trochanter or anterior acetabulum
What is the typical location of hip pain in patients?
What is the typical location of hip pain in patients?
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What does 'Internal snapping' involve in the hip?
What does 'Internal snapping' involve in the hip?
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Study Notes
The Hip Joint
- The hip joint is a multiaxial ball and socket synovial joint.
- Stability of the hip joint is maintained by muscles, capsule, and deep insertion of the femur into the acetabulum.
Acetabulum
- The acetabulum is formed by the fusion of ilium, pubis, and ischium.
Ligaments of the Hip
- Iliofemoral ligament (also known as the "Y ligament of Bigelow"):
- Strongest ligament in the body.
- Prevents excessive extension.
- Maintains upright posture at the hip.
- Ischiofemoral ligament:
- Prevents excessive extension.
- Stabilizes the hip in extension.
- Pubofemoral ligament:
- Prevents excessive abduction and extension.
- All three ligaments limit internal rotation of the femur.
The Femoral Triangle
- Bound by: Sartorius, inguinal ligament, and adductor longus.
- Contains: Femoral nerve, artery, and vein.
Forces Acting on the Hip
- Includes ground reaction forces, gravity, and body weight (BW).
- Forces in different activities:
- Standing: 1.3 x BW = 195 lbs.
- Standing on one leg: 2.4-2.6 x BW = 375 lbs+.
- Walking: 1.3-2.5 x BW = 195 - 375 lbs +.
- Walking up stairs: 3 x BW = 450 lbs.
- Running: 4 x BW.
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