Anatomy and Physiology of Urinary Tract 1

Nephrons = Functional units responsible for filtering the blood and producing urine Glomerular membrane = Allows filtration of plasma while preventing large molecules from passing through Juxtaglomerular apparatus = Regulates blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus Urinary bladder = Temporary storage reservoir for urine before it is excreted from the body

Filtration = Removal of waste products and excess substances from the blood Reabsorption = Reclaiming useful substances such as water, glucose, and amino acids Renal blood flow = Volume of blood that passes through the kidneys per minute Regulation of water & electrolyte balance = Maintaining the body's fluid and ion levels within narrow limits

Urea = From protein breakdown Uric acid = From nucleic acid breakdown Creatinine = From muscle creatine breakdown End products of hemoglobin breakdown = From breakdown of red blood cells

<p>Regulation of acid &amp; base balance = Maintaining the pH of body fluids within a narrow range Excretion of foreign chemicals = Eliminating drugs, food additives, pesticides, and other foreign substances from the body Endocrine function = Production of hormones such as erythropoietin, renin, and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D Excretion of waste products of protein metabolism = Removing nitrogenous waste products from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulation of glucose metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ureters = Tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder Diaphragm = Muscle separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities, located above the kidneys Urinary bladder = Temporary storage organ for urine before it is excreted from the body Vertebral column = Series of small bones that protect and support the spinal cord, located near the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Size of a clenched fist</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By two ureters</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glomerular membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulation of red blood cell production</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulation of blood sugar levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>~150 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glomerular Membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulation of sodium &amp; chloride levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erythropoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers