20 Questions
What is the primary function of the renal and urinary systems?
Regulating fluid and electrolytes
What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a minute?
125ml/min
Where is the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney, primarily found?
Cortex
Which structure in the kidney allows the filtration of blood through a semi-permeable membrane?
Glomerulus
What is the average adult urine output per day?
1200-1500ml/day
Which part of the renal and urinary systems is responsible for the excretion of waste products?
Nephron
What is the capacity of an adult bladder?
300 to 500ml
Where does the initial formation of urine occur in the kidney?
Nephron
What does GFR stand for in relation to kidney function?
Glomerular Filtration Rate
What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?
Capillary network allowing filtration of blood
Which test is used to detect protein, glucose, and ketone bodies in urine?
Urinalysis
What is the most accurate indicator of renal function?
Creatinine clearance
Which diagnostic evaluation procedure requires injection of radioisotope into the circulatory system?
Nuclear scans
What is the purpose of a KUB study in renal evaluation?
To visualize the kidneys, ureter, and bladder via x-ray imaging
Which procedure involves threading a catheter through the ureters into the renal pelvis by means of cystoscopy and injecting a contrast agent?
Retrograde pyelography
What is the recommended preparation for an MRI in renal evaluation?
Encouraging full bladder before the procedure
Which test involves measuring urine color and possible causes?
Urinalysis
What does the acronym IVP stand for in diagnostic evaluation studies?
Intravenous urography
What does CT scan require before the procedure?
Encouraging fluid intake before the procedure
What type of study involves opacifying renal arterial supply by injecting a contrast agent into femoral (or axillary) artery?
Renal angiography
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the renal and urinary systems, including the structures, internal organization of the kidney, and the functional units responsible for urine formation.
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