Podcast
Questions and Answers
Where are the kidneys located in the body?
Where are the kidneys located in the body?
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of a healthy kidney?
What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of a healthy kidney?
Which part of the nephron is responsible for concentrating urine?
Which part of the nephron is responsible for concentrating urine?
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From which vessel do the kidneys receive blood supply?
From which vessel do the kidneys receive blood supply?
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Study Notes
Urinary System
- The urinary system consists of 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, and 1 urethra.
- The primary function of the urinary system is to filter blood, produce and excrete urine, and maintain normal body physiology.
Kidneys
- The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located on each side of the spine between T12 and L4.
- The left kidney is often slightly higher than the right one.
- Each kidney is composed of an outer cortex and an inner medulla.
- The cortex is responsible for filtration of urine.
- The medulla consists of segments called renal pyramids, which function as the beginning of the collecting system.
- The cup-shaped calyces arise from the apices of the pyramids and join together to form the renal pelvis.
Functions of Kidneys
- Filter blood to remove toxins, metabolic wastes, excess water, and excess ions.
- Dispose of nitrogenous wastes from blood, including urea, uric acid, and creatinine.
- Regulate the balance of water and electrolytes, acids, and bases.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the urinary system's anatomy and physiology with this quiz. Identify the key structures such as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, and understand their functions in filtering blood and producing urine.
