13 Questions
What is the term for the tendency to miss the obvious because one's attention is directed elsewhere?
Inattentional blindness
What is the result of not using information and evidence correctly?
Evidential failure
What is the term for the phenomenon of continuing to believe something despite contrary evidence?
Belief perseverance
How can one overcome cognitive biases?
Enhancing awareness and thinking rationally
What is the main topic of discussion in the provided text?
Common forms of cognitive biases
What is a cognitive bias?
A systematic error in thinking that occurs when people are processing and interpreting information
What is an example of a cognitive bias related to self perception?
Ego bias
What is the cognitive bias that involves relying on information that is more vivid and recent?
Memory bias
What is the cognitive bias that involves perceiving past events as more predictable than they were?
Hindsight bias
What is the cognitive bias that involves taking personal responsibility for positive outcomes and blaming external factors for negative outcomes?
Serve serving bias
What is the cognitive bias that involves relying too heavily on pre-existing information or the first piece of information when making a decision?
Anchoring bias
What is the cognitive bias that involves the formulation of a problem affecting decision making?
The framing effect
What is the cognitive bias that involves thinking that examples of things that readily come to mind are more common than what is the case?
Availability bias
Study Notes
Cognitive Biases
- Cognitive biases are systematic errors in thinking that occur when processing and interpreting information, affecting decisions and judgments.
- Cognitive biases are psychological and unconscious, affecting objectivity and analytical thinking.
Common Forms of Cognitive Biases
- Memory Bias: relying on vivid and recent information to make decisions.
- Context Bias: focusing on the presentation or situation around a problem, losing sight of the problem itself.
- Ego Bias: related to self-perception and how we see others in relation to ourselves.
- Confirmation Bias: interpreting new information as confirmation of pre-existing beliefs and opinions, ignoring counterevidence.
- Hindsight Bias: perceiving past events as more predictable than they were.
- Serve Serving Bias: taking personal responsibility for positive outcomes and blaming external factors for negative outcomes.
- Anchoring Bias: relying too heavily on pre-existing information or the first piece of information when making a decision.
- The Framing Effect: how the formulation of a problem affects decision making.
- Availability Bias: thinking that examples of things that readily come to mind are more common than they actually are.
- Inattentional Blindness: missing the obvious because attention is directed elsewhere.
- Evidential Failure: failing to use information and evidence correctly.
- Belief Perseverance: believing something despite facing contrary evidence.
Overcoming Cognitive Biases
- Enhance Awareness: being aware of cognitive biases to make more objective decisions.
- Think Rationally and Objectively: considering all sides of an argument or problem.
- Think of Others: looking at the other side of every argument or problem.
- Carefully Try to Understand: taking time to understand a problem before rushing to solve or answer it.
Learn about cognitive biases, systematic errors in thinking that affect our decisions and judgments, and how they impact our objective and analytical thinking.
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