Analysis of Simple Salts - Chemistry Experiments
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Questions and Answers

What is observed when a salt containing carbonate is added to dilute hydrochloric acid?

  • Brisk effervescence and milky lime water (correct)
  • No color change
  • A deep yellow precipitate is formed
  • Reddish brown gas is evolved

    • Which test confirms the presence of acetate in a salt?

  • Vinegar-like smell is noticed (correct)
  • Evolution of a colorless gas
  • Formation of a white precipitate
  • Observation of brisk effervescence

    • What indicates the absence of chloride when testing a salt with ammonium hydroxide?

  • No characteristic change (correct)
  • Formation of a deep yellow precipitate
  • Presence of a white precipitate insoluble in dilute acid
  • Colorless fuming gas evolves

    • What occurs when a salt containing nitrate is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid?

    <p>Reddish brown gas is evolved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when a salt solution reacts with barium chloride if sulphate is present?

    <p>A white precipitate is formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the presence of phosphate when mixed with ammonium molybdate?

    <p>A deep yellow precipitate is produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which observation indicates that a compound does not contain acetates?

    <p>No characteristic smell detected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When barium chloride is added to the solution of a salt containing carbonate, what confirms its presence?

    <p>A white precipitate forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color flame indicates the presence of barium when performing a confirmatory test?

    <p>Green colored flame</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of adding Magneson reagent and sodium hydroxide to a magnesium salt solution?

    <p>Blue precipitate formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the confirmatory flame test for calcium, what initial preparation is required before introducing the sample into the flame?

    <p>Creating a paste with concentrated hydrochloric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the confirmatory test for magnesium using the ash test, what is the color of the ash that confirms magnesium?

    <p>Pink ash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes what happens in the confirmatory test for calcium?

    <p>A brick red flame is observed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color indicates the presence of acetate when neutral ferric chloride solution is added to the salt solution?

    <p>Deep red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which confirmatory test is used for the presence of chloride?

    <p>White curdy precipitate with silver nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the presence of sulfate be confirmed using lead acetate?

    <p>By forming a white crystalline precipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the presence of nitrate when using the brown ring test?

    <p>Formation of a brown ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the test for zero group, what is the significance of the absence of precipitate after adding sodium carbonate solution?

    <p>Absence of ammonium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when hydrogen sulfide gas is passed through a salt solution that contains copper?

    <p>Formation of black precipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which combination of reagents confirms the presence of nitrate through the smell of ammonia?

    <p>Zinc dust and sodium hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color change indicates the presence of lead in group I testing when dilute hydrochloric acid is added?

    <p>White precipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the presence of aluminium in a salt solution during the group III test?

    <p>White gelatinous precipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the presence of zinc in a salt solution during the group IV test?

    <p>White precipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test confirms the presence of magnesium?

    <p>Disodium hydrogen phosphate solution test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the absence of group V during testing?

    <p>No precipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color precipitate is formed when lead is confirmed using potassium iodide?

    <p>Yellow precipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test confirms ammonium presence by evolving a pungent smelling gas?

    <p>Addition of sodium hydroxide and heating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when lead is tested with acetic acid and potassium chromate?

    <p>Formation of a yellow precipitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to check for the presence of calcium or barium?

    <p>Ammonium hydroxide and ammonium carbonate test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What precipitate is formed when ammonium hydroxide is added to a copper salt solution?

    <p>Deep blue solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test confirms the presence of aluminum in a salt solution?

    <p>Formation of white gelatinous precipitate with hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color of ash is produced during the confirmatory test for aluminum using concentrated nitric acid and cobalt nitrate?

    <p>Blue tinted ash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which solution, when added to a zinc salt solution, results in a white precipitate?

    <p>Potassium ferrocyanide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when a manganese salt solution is treated with sodium hydroxide in excess?

    <p>Brown precipitate formed and remains brown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the permanganic acid test for manganese, what color does the supernatant liquid turn?

    <p>Pink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which confirmatory test is performed to distinguish between barium and calcium?

    <p>Addition of acetic acid and potassium chromate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of adding ammonium hydroxide and ammonium oxalate solution to a calcium salt solution?

    <p>White precipitate with no change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Analysis of Simple Salts - Experiments and Observations

    • Tests for Acid Radicals (Anions): Experiments involve reacting a sample with various solutions to identify the anion present. Observations lead to inferences about the specific anion.

    Carbonate Identification

    • Effervescence Test: A brisk effervescence (bubbling) with dilute hydrochloric acid indicates the presence of carbonate.
    • Further Confirmation: Adding barium chloride to the solution and then dilute hydrochloric acid confirms carbonate.

    Acetate Identification

    • Heating Test: Strong heating produces a pleasant-smelling, flammable vapor, indicating acetate.

    Chloride Identification

    • Silver Nitrate Test: A white precipitate, soluble in excess ammonium hydroxide, indicates chloride.
    • Lead Nitrate Test: A white precipitate soluble in hot water shows chloride.

    Nitrate Identification

    • Brown Ring Test: A brown ring formed when ferrous sulphate and concentrated sulphuric acid are added along the sides of the test tube confirms nitrate.
    • Zinc-Sodium Hydroxide Test: When heated with zinc dust and sodium hydroxide solution, smell of ammonia confirms nitrate.

    Sulphate Identification

    • Lead Acetate Test: A white crystalline precipitate, dissolving with ammonium acetate, shows presence of sulphate.

    Phosphate Identification

    • Ammonium Molybdate Test: A deep yellow precipitate with ammonium molybdate solution confirms phosphate.

    Other Observations

    • No Characteristic Change: Absence of any distinctive observation after specific reactions indicates the absence of specific anions.
    • Rubbing with Sulphuric Acid: This could involve observations like smell, evolved gases, and formation of precipitates, used to identify anions like nitrates, sulfates, and chlorides.

    Basic Radicals (Cations) - Identification Tests

    • Zero Group Test: Sodium carbonate solution is added to detect the presence or absence of ammonia.
    • Group I, II, III, IV, V, VI: Sequence of tests to identify different cation groups using reactions with various reagents (e.g., sulphuric acid, hydrogen sulphide, ammonium compounds, etc) and observing results like precipitates, fumes, and coloured solutions.

    Specific Cation Test Examples

    • Ammonia: Sodium hydroxide followed by Nessler's reagent is used to confirm ammonia.
    • Lead: Potassium iodide creates a yellow precipitate; acetic acid and potassium chromate create a yellow precipitate that dissolves in hot water.
    • Copper: Ammonia creates a blue precipitate; acetic acid and potassium ferricyanide form a chocolate-brown precipitate.
    • Aluminium: Sodium hydroxide produces a white precipitate, soluble in excess; ash test shows a blue tinted ash.
    • Zinc: Potassium ferrocyanide forms a white precipitate in solution; an ash test for zince displays a greenish ash.
    • Manganese: A white precipitate forms, turning brown with time; excess sodium hydroxide reaction is observed
    • Barium: A green coloured flame is produced with a paste of the salt and concentrated hydrochloric acid
    • Calcium: A brick-red flame, while using a paste of the salt and concentrated hydrochloric acid
    • Magnesium: Blue precipitate, followed by a pinkish ash in an ash test.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on the identification and analysis of simple salts through various chemical tests for acid radicals. Participants will explore methods for detecting carbonates, acetates, chlorides, and nitrates, and their respective observations. Prepare to test your knowledge on reaction observations and infer specific anions present in samples.

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