Anaesthetic Drugs - Key Facts
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Anaesthetic Drugs - Key Facts

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary drug class of Acepromazine?

  • α~2~- adrenergic agonist
  • Phenothiazine (correct)
  • NMDA antagonist
  • Benzodiazepine

    • Which drug is known as a competitive reversal agent for α2- adrenergic receptors?

  • Atipamezole (correct)
  • Midazolam
  • Tiletamine
  • Medetomidine

    • What is the main mode of action for Medetomidine?

  • Dopamine receptor antagonist
  • α~2~- adrenergic agonist (correct)
  • NMDA antagonist
  • CNS depressant

    • What effect does Acepromazine have on CNS activity?

    <p>Sedation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is used as a tranquilizer and anesthetic in veterinary medicine?

    <p>Tiletamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initial effect does Medetomidine have on blood pressure?

    <p>Increases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of agent is Tiletamine classified as?

    <p>NMDA antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Acepromazine on muscular relaxation?

    <p>Decreases muscular tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary indication for using sedation?

    <p>Short, minor painful procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential side effect of certain anesthetics?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of patients should anesthetics be used cautiously in?

    <p>Patients with a systemic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does sedation have on reflexes?

    <p>Retains protective reflexes like swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient condition is a contraindication for using anesthetics?

    <p>Pregnancy or lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following side effects is NOT commonly associated with anesthetics?

    <p>Coughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk when using anesthetics in dogs with MDR1 mutations?

    <p>Increased sedation duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes reversible effects in anesthetics?

    <p>Certain agents are reversible in clinical settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition should NOT be a concern when administering anesthesia to normally healthy animals?

    <p>Potential for severe respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a side effect of certain anesthetic agents?

    <p>Increased energy levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anaesthetic Drugs - Key Facts

    • Acepromazine: Phenothiazine drug; dopamine receptor antagonist in the CNS; associated with muscle relaxation, sedation, and reducing spontaneous activity
    • Midazolam: Benzodiazepine drug; CNS depressant; generally used for premedication prior to general anaesthetics; causes muscle relaxation and sedation
    • Medetomidine: α2-adrenergic agonist; causes a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate initially when injected; reversal agent is available
    • Atipamezole: α2-adrenergic antagonist; used to reverse the sedative effects of α2-adrenergic agonists

    Tiletamine-Zolazepam:

    • Tiletamine-Zolazepam: NMDA antagonist and benzodiazepine; combination drug used for short, minor, painful procedures; provides disassociative anaesthesia

    Phenothiazine Drug Effects

    • Acepromazine (Acepromazine): Contraindicated in patients with hepatic (liver) and cardiac disease; can cause decreased tear production in cats
    • Acepromazine: Cautious use in aggressive animals as it can worsen aggression in some cases; dogs with MDR1 mutation have a more profound sedation response

    Benzodiazepine Drug Effects

    • Midazolam (Midazolam): Cautious use in sick or debilitated animals; can cause excitability in cats

    α2-Adrenergic Agonist Drug Effects

    • Medetomidine (Domitor): Not recommended for use in pregnant or lactating animals; caution in elderly or debilitated animals; can cause vomiting and tremors in some animals

    α2-Adrenergic Antagonist Drug Effects

    • Atipamezole (Antisedan): Used as a reversal agent for α2-adrenergic agonists

    NMDA Antagonist & Benzodiazepine Drug Effects

    • Tiletamine-Zolazepam (Zoletil): Contraindicated in patients with pancreatic disease, renal disease, severe cardiac or respiratory disease; caution in pregnant animals; can cause ptyalism (hypersalivation) and respiratory depression

    Important Considerations

    • Reversal: Reversal agents are available for α2-adrenergic agonists but not for phenothiazines, benzodiazepines, or tiletamine-zolazepam
    • Dosage: Most animals will require lower doses of anaesthetics than humans. It is important to consult veterinary literature for proper dosing.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential facts about various anaesthetic drugs including Acepromazine, Midazolam, and Tiletamine-Zolazepam. It explores their classifications, effects, and any contraindications associated with their use. Test your knowledge and understanding of these important pharmaceutical agents used in anaesthesia.

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