18 Questions
Which of the following is the MAIN mechanism by which insulin promotes muscle growth?
Increasing amino acid uptake and protein synthesis
How does insulin inhibit the process of lipolysis?
By inhibiting the enzymes involved in the breakdown of triglycerides
What is the PRIMARY effect of insulin on glucose metabolism in the liver?
Decreasing the synthesis of ketone bodies
Which of the following is the MAIN mechanism by which insulin promotes lipogenesis in adipose tissue?
Stimulating the conversion of glucose to glycerol and fatty acids
How does insulin affect the process of gluconeogenesis in the liver?
Insulin inhibits gluconeogenesis, decreasing the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors
Which of the following tissues is the MOST sensitive to the effects of insulin on glucose metabolism?
Skeletal muscle
What is the primary effect of insulin on glucose metabolism in the body?
Facilitates glucose entry into cells
Which of the following is not an effect of insulin on protein metabolism?
Increases gluconeogenesis
How does insulin affect lipid metabolism?
Inhibits lipolysis and promotes lipogenesis
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin stimulates glycogenesis (glycogen synthesis) in the liver?
Both a and b
Which of the following is the most accurate description of the biphasic kinetics of insulin secretion?
Rapid initial release of insulin, followed by a slower, sustained release
How do sulfonylureas, such as glipizide, affect insulin release from pancreatic beta cells?
Sulfonylureas stimulate acute insulin release
Which statement about insulin's effects on glucose metabolism is correct?
Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis and glucose oxidation in skeletal muscle.
What is the primary effect of insulin on protein metabolism?
Insulin stimulates protein synthesis and inhibits protein degradation.
Which statement best describes insulin's effect on lipid metabolism?
Insulin stimulates lipogenesis (fat synthesis) in the liver.
How does insulin affect glycogen metabolism in the liver?
Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis and inhibits glycogenolysis.
What is the primary role of insulin in regulating blood glucose levels?
Insulin decreases blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake and utilization by cells.
Which statement best describes the biphasic kinetics of insulin secretion?
The acute phase involves a rapid release of insulin, followed by a sustained release in the chronic phase.
Explore how the anabolic effect facilitates glucose entry into cells and promotes the conversion of compounds to their storage forms in smooth, striated, and cardiac muscle. Learn about glycogenesis and how excess glucose is stored as glycogen for later use as fuel.
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