Amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine Usage Quiz

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What is the recommended HPLC level of itraconazole associated with toxicity?

10 Mcg/mL

2-3 Mcg/mL (correct)

1 Mog/mL

6 Mcg/mL

Why does itraconazole always require Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM)?

Due to its high bioavailability

Because of pharmacokinetic (PK) variability (correct)

To ensure patient compliance

To avoid drug interactions

How long should you wait before checking itraconazole levels after the dose?

1 hour (correct)

30 minutes

4 hours

6 hours

What is recommended to fix a subtherapeutic level of itraconazole?

Increase dosing frequency Signup and view all the answers

How does Amphotericin B work?

Targets the cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

How is voriconazole dosed?

Based on body weight Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 5-flucytosine in combination with Amphotericin B?

To target DNA synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which formulation of voriconazole is available for administration?

Oral and intravenous (IV) Signup and view all the answers

Why is Amphotericin B formulated with sodium deoxycholate or phospholipids?

To reduce toxicities Signup and view all the answers

What mammalian cells do polyenes like Amphotericin B target?

Kidney cells & erythrocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOA of Griseofulvin?

Binds to keratin in the keratin precursor Signup and view all the answers

What types of rings can azoles contain?

6-membered rings Signup and view all the answers

What is a counseling pearl needed for itraconazole capsules?

Consume acidic foods/beverages Signup and view all the answers

What pharmacokinetic factor leads to the need for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) in itraconazole?

Nonlinear PK variability and long half-life Signup and view all the answers

Itraconazole is metabolized by , inhibits , and .

CYP3A4, CYP2D6, P-gP Signup and view all the answers

What does itraconazole metabolize into?

Hydroxy-itraconazole only Signup and view all the answers

What happens when itraconazole interacts with CYP3A4 inducers?

Itraconazole levels decrease Signup and view all the answers

Higher levels of itraconazole are associated with _____________ clinical outcomes.

Improved Signup and view all the answers

What levels of Posaconazole have been associated with toxicity?

0.75 mg/mL Signup and view all the answers

When should therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) be performed for Posaconazole?

Treatment: always, Prophylaxis: Only if there's concern for toxicity Signup and view all the answers

Where should levels be checked for Posaconazole?

Trough levels Signup and view all the answers

When are peak concentrations for vancomycin typically drawn?

After the end of infusions Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of AUC-based monitoring for vancomycin?

To compare vancomycin exposure to MIC of the pathogen Signup and view all the answers

Why is AUC-based monitoring becoming more popular for vancomycin?

To lower total daily doses and reduce nephrotoxicity risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended trough-based vancomycin dosing typically based on?

Actual weight Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infections are excluded from vancomycin AUC monitoring due to their unpredictable kinetics?

End-stage renal disease infections Signup and view all the answers

What level of vancomycin AUC has been associated with increased nephrotoxicity?

400 Signup and view all the answers

For which bacteria is vancomycin typically not considered susceptible?

Pseudomonas Signup and view all the answers

How is the loading dose of vancomycin calculated?

$25-30$ mg/kg based on actual weight Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect related to vancomycin infusion?

Redman syndrome Signup and view all the answers

Amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine Usage Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended HPLC level of itraconazole associated with toxicity?

Why does itraconazole always require Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM)?

How long should you wait before checking itraconazole levels after the dose?