Amino Acids: Structure, Function, and Properties

A central carbon atom, an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), and a unique R-group or side chain

The R-group is the unique side chain attached to the central carbon that varies among different amino acids, influencing their chemical properties

Amino acids are essential for protein synthesis, enzyme catalysis, structural support, cell signaling, and immune response, and they also serve as precursors for neurotransmitters, hormones, and other important molecules

<p>The amino group is basic in nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The carboxyl group acts as an acidic group</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and play crucial roles in various biological processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amino acids contribute to muscle growth and repair, energy production, and metabolism regulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amino acids can be categorized into non-polar, polar uncharged, acidic, or basic amino acids based on their R groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most naturally occurring amino acids exist in the L configuration, which is significant in understanding their properties and functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>L-amino acids have the amino group on the right side of the alpha carbon atom, whereas D-amino acids have the amino group on the left.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Optical activity is the ability of enantiomeric molecules to rotate the plane of plane-polarized light, which is a property exhibited by amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amino acids can be classified into non-polar, acidic, basic, and uncommon amino acids, each with distinct properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers