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Amino Acids and Proteins in Cellular Biology

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Amino Acids and Proteins in Cellular Biology

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Questions and Answers

What is the typical number of different proteins found in a cell?

15000

9000 (correct)

5000

12000

What is the main function of enzymes, which are a type of protein?

Store nutrients

Provide structural support

Catalyze reactions in living systems (correct)

Transport oxygen

What is the distinguishing feature of the amino acid proline?

It has no amino group

It has a secondary amino group (correct)

It has a tertiary amino group

It has a primary amino group

What is the term for the form of amino acids that has both a positive and negative charge?

Zwitterion Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of all protein-derived amino acids except glycine?

They have at least one stereocenter Signup and view all the answers

What is the general term for the side chains of non-polar amino acids?

Hydrophobic Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pH at which the majority of molecules of an amino acid have no net charge?

Isoelectric point Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid is a key precursor to neurotransmitters such as serotonin and catecholamines?

Tryptophan Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the modification of amino acids by certain organisms after biosynthesis?

Post-translational modification Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of bond that forms between the a-carboxyl group of one amino acid and the a-amino group of another amino acid?

Peptide bond Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following amino acids has a sulfhydryl group (-SH)?

Cysteine Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a molecule composed of 2 amino acids joined by a peptide bond?

Dipeptide Signup and view all the answers