American Revolution Unit 4 Study Guide

The first gathering of colonial representatives to discuss concerns with British rule. They sent the Olive Branch Petition to King George III.

The famous ride of Paul Revere through the night to warn colonists of the approaching British troops. This helped spark the start of the Revolutionary War.

The first major battle of the Revolutionary War, held in Massachusetts. It was a costly victory for the colonists, but it proved their determination to fight against British rule.

A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that argued for American independence from Britain. It provided a powerful rationale for breaking away, gaining widespread support for the cause.

A group of military and political leaders from the colonies who organized and led the American Revolution. They made important decisions, declared independence, and established the Continental Army.

A peace petition sent to King George III by the Continental Congress, expressing a desire for reconciliation. This showed that the colonists still hoped for a peaceful resolution before resorting to war.

The famous general who led the Continental Army to victory in the Revolutionary War. His leadership, determination, and ability to inspire his troops were crucial to the American success.

A document written by Thomas Jefferson that declared the independence of the colonies from Great Britain. It outlined fundamental rights and principles of self-governance.

The rights and privileges inherent in all human beings, as opposed to those granted by government. These include the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

The agreement between the governed and the government, where the governed agree to abide by the laws in exchange for protection and benefits. This was broken by King George III's actions, according to the Declaration of Independence.

A period of intense hardship faced by the Continental Army during the winter of 1777-1778. The soldiers endured severe cold, shortages, and disease.

The military alliance formed between the American colonies and France during the Revolutionary War. French support, including troops, ships, and supplies, proved crucial in defeating the British.

A major battle fought in South Carolina. The British, under the command of Cornwallis, won a decisive victory. This showed the resilience of the British and the struggles faced by the Continental Army.

A group of American militia forces led by Francis Marion. They used their knowledge of the terrain and guerrilla tactics to effectively harass British troops in the South. Known for their stealth and hit-and-run tactics.

The decisive battle of the Revolutionary War, fought in Yorktown, Virginia. The British forces, under the command of Cornwallis, were surrounded by the American and French forces, leading to their surrender.

The British military strategy to contain the rebellion by focusing on key cities and ports, while also gaining support from loyalists. This strategy was largely unsuccessful, as it failed to overcome the colonists' determination and resolve.

The colonists' military strategy to outmaneuver the British by utilizing guerrilla tactics and using their knowledge of the terrain to their advantage. This strategy proved effective in wearing down British forces and winning the war.

The colonists' unwavering commitment to their cause, their strong belief in the American ideals, and their willingness to fight for their freedom. This was a major factor in their eventual victory.

A group of individuals who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolution. They often faced persecution and hostility from the colonists.

The colonists' belief that they had the right to overthrow a tyrannical government that violated their natural rights. This was an important ideological foundation of the Revolution.

The British recruitment of German soldiers to fight against the colonists. This angered many colonists, who saw it as an attempt to suppress their rebellion by using foreign mercenaries.

An influential figure who became a prominent military leader in the Revolutionary War. His leadership skills and strategic insights were invaluable in the colonists' fight for independence.

A battle in New Jersey that helped boost colonial morale and turn the tide in favor of the Americans. Washington's forces successfully surprised and defeated Hessian troops stationed there.

The strategic siege of Boston by the Continental Army, eventually leading to the British withdrawal from the city. This marked a significant early victory for the colonists.

A series of battles fought in New York City, resulting in a British victory. This was a significant setback for the colonists, but it did not ultimately determine the outcome of the war.

The British proclamation that offered freedom to slaves who joined the British side. This was a controversial move that exacerbated tensions between the colonists and the British, and it further complicated the issue of slavery.

A period of extreme hardship faced by the Continental Army during the winter of 1777-1778. The soldiers endured severe cold, poor food, and disease, but they persevered and emerged stronger as a result.

The first woman to serve in the Continental Army, disguised as a man. She demonstrated bravery and determination, earning the respect of her fellow soldiers. She later received an honorable discharge, but her true identity as a woman was initially concealed.

A major factor contributing to the deaths and suffering of soldiers during the Revolutionary War, exacerbated by poor sanitation and inadequate medical care during the harsh conditions.

A literary genre that used the stories and events of the American Revolution to inspire and inform the public, promoting patriotism and national identity.

The role of women in the American Revolution, going beyond traditional roles. They contributed to the war effort through volunteering, providing essential supplies, and even fighting alongside their husbands or taking on their roles when men were away.

An inspiring speech delivered by Patrick Henry, urging Americans to fight for their freedom from British rule. It is known for its powerful rhetoric and passionate call to action.

The strengths and weaknesses of both the colonists and the British during the American Revolution. The colonists relied on their determination, knowledge of the terrain, and French support, while the British had greater military resources and experience.

The significance of the American Revolution, a pivotal fight for independence that had lasting impacts on the world. It challenged the power of empires, established the ideals of self-governance, and served as an inspiration for other revolutionary movements.

The impact of the Revolutionary War on the role and lives of Native Americans. They faced various challenges, particularly in trying to maintain autonomy and negotiate with the colonists as a new nation emerged.