American Colonialism and Philippine-American War
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Questions and Answers

The Pensionado Act was established to provide scholarships for Filipinos to study in Australia.

False (B)

Act No. 74 of 1901 created the Department of Public Instruction in the Philippines.

True (A)

The University of the Philippines was established in 1908 as a private institution.

False (B)

The introduction of democracy in the Philippines included the establishment of the Philippine Assembly in 1907.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Americans initiated the first systematic public school system in the Philippines.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Agricultural products like iron and wheat were the main exports of the Philippines during the American colonial period.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Public health programs were implemented to combat diseases such as malaria and influenza in the Philippines.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Western sports like soccer and cricket became popular in the Philippines during the American colonial period.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The First Philippine Republic was inaugurated on January 23, 1899.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippine - American War lasted for five years.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

President Aguinaldo was captured in Palanan, Isabela on March 23, 1901.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Schurman Commission aimed to investigate the military conditions in the Philippines.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Taft Commission was established to promote the transition from civil to military governance in the Philippines.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colonialism involves direct political control and military force over another country.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Thomasites were American teachers sent to the Philippines to establish a public school system.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aguinaldo officially surrendered to the US on April 19, 1901.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imperialism requires the establishment of a governing body in the dominated country.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Sedition Law was created to promote free speech in the Philippines.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The United States acquired the Philippines from Spain for a sum of US $20 million.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation was issued after the Spanish-American War.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Emilio Aguinaldo believed that Americans were in the Philippines to colonize the country.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colonial powers often try to impose their political practices on indigenous populations.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sinking of the USS Maine in 1898 was a pivotal event leading up to the Filipino-American War.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colonialism and imperialism are synonymous terms that describe the same concept.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Cooper Act was enacted to establish a military governance in the Philippines.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Flag Law made it illegal to display the Philippine flag.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Jones Law promised independence for the Philippines without any conditions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Hare-Hawes Cutting Act promised a 10-year transitional period before Philippine independence.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ratification of the Philippine Constitution took place in 1935.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The American soldiers were the first teachers after the reopening of schools in Manila.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippine educational system during the American period was only for wealthy males.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary purpose of early laws during American occupation was to encourage anti-colonial sentiments.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Philippine Public School System

The Americans established a formal public education system in the Philippines, making education more available.

Department of Public Instruction

An entity created by Act No. 74 of 1901 to establish and regulate the public schools.

Philippine Normal School (PNU)

The school established by Act No. 74 to train teachers for the public schools.

English as Medium of Instruction

English replaced other languages in Philippine schools under American rule.

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University of the Philippines (UP)

The Philippines' national university, established in 1908.

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Pensionado Act

Provided scholarships for Filipino students to study in the United States.

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Philippine Assembly

The first legislative body in the Philippines with elected representatives.

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Economic Transformation

The Philippines' agricultural products became major exports to the United States during the American period.

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Malolos Republic

The First Philippine Republic, established in 1899, with its capital in Malolos, Bulacan. It was led by Emilio Aguinaldo, aiming for Philippine independence from Spain.

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Treaty of Paris (1898)

An agreement signed between Spain and the United States that officially ended the Spanish-American War and ceded the Philippines to the US.

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Battle of Tirad Pass

A crucial battle in the Philippine-American War where Filipino forces under General Gregorio del Pilar fought fiercely against advancing American troops to protect Aguinaldo.

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Aguinaldo's Capture (1901)

Emilio Aguinaldo, the President of the First Philippine Republic, was captured by American forces with the help of the Macabebe of Pampanga.

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Aguinaldo's Surrender (1901)

Emilio Aguinaldo formally surrendered to the US on April 19, 1901, marking the end of organized armed resistance against American rule in the Philippines.

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Schurman Commission (1899)

A commission formed by the US to investigate conditions in the Philippines, assess Filipino aspirations, and recommend policies for American rule.

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Taft Commission (1900)

The Second Philippine Commission, established to transition the Philippines from military to civil governance under American rule. It implemented various reforms in education, legal systems, and infrastructure.

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Thomasites (1901)

Over 600 American teachers sent to the Philippines to introduce English as the medium of instruction and establish a modern public education system.

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Colonialism

One country taking full control of another, occupying it with settlers, exploiting resources, and imposing its culture.

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Imperialism

Domination of one country over another, through direct control, economic exploitation, or cultural influence.

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Colonialism vs. Imperialism

Colonialism involves direct control and physical occupation, while imperialism uses diverse strategies like economic power.

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Benevolent Assimilation

The US policy of 'kindly' incorporating the Philippines, claiming to bring progress but ultimately disregarding Filipino autonomy.

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San Juan Bridge Incident

A clash between Filipino revolutionary forces and US soldiers in 1899, marking the start of the Filipino-American War.

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Filipino-American War

An armed conflict between Filipino revolutionaries and the US army, fought for independence, lasting from 1899 to 1902.

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Cooper Act (1902)

The law establishing a framework for civil governance in the Philippines, transitioning the country from military to civil rule following the American takeover.

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Flag Law (1907)

A law forbidding the display of the Philippine flag and symbols associated with the revolution against Spain and the United States.

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Jones Law (1916)

The law formally promising Philippine independence once a 'stable government' was established, granting more autonomy to Filipinos while remaining under US sovereignty.

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Hare-Hawes Cutting Act (1933)

This act promised Philippine independence after a 10-year transition period, establishing the Commonwealth with a Filipino president.

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Ratification of the Philippine Constitution (1935)

The official approval and adoption of the Philippine Constitution as the fundamental law of the land, establishing the Commonwealth government.

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What was the purpose of the Cooper Act?

The Cooper Act aimed to suppress Filipino resistance and anti-colonial sentiments, making independence movements illegal.

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What did the Jones Law promise?

The Jones Law promised Philippine independence, but only once a 'stable government' was established, suggesting continued US control.

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What major change did the Hare-Hawes Cutting Act introduce?

The Hare-Hawes Cutting Act established the Commonwealth government with a Filipino president, granting more autonomy to the Philippines while keeping US control.

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Study Notes

American Colonialism and Philippine-American War

  • Colonialism is the practice of one country controlling another politically and occupying it with settlers to profit from its resources and economy.
  • Colonial powers typically impose their religion, language, culture, and political practices on the indigenous population.
  • Imperialism is a broader concept than colonialism. It refers to the domination of one country or region by another through direct political control, economic exploitation, or cultural influence. Imperialism does not always involve settlement.
  • Colonialism uses military force to control nations and establish governments to take total control. In imperialism, control is often achieved indirectly through economic or cultural influence.
  • American Expeditionary forces were sent to the Philippines in 1898 to defeat the Spanish.
  • The Treaty of Paris, signed on December 10, 1898, ceded the Philippines to the United States for $20 million.
  • Key events during this time include the sinking of the USS Maine, the Battle of Manila Bay, and the Declaration of Philippine Independence in June 1898.
  • The Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation was issued by President William McKinley on December 21, 1898. This outlined US policy regarding the Philippines.
  • The First Philippine Republic, also known as the Malolos Republic, was inaugurated on January 23, 1899.
  • Tensions between the US and Filipino military forces led to the Philippine-American War, a three-year conflict beginning in 1899.
  • Key battles during the war included the Battle of Tirad Pass in December 1899.
  • President Aguinaldo was eventually captured in 1901.
  • The Schurman Commission was established in 1899 to investigate conditions in the Philippines and recommend policies for US administration.
  • The Taft Commission (1900) transitioned the Philippines from military to civil governance.
  • The Taft Commission led to the creation of the public school system with English as the medium of instruction and sent over teachers to the Philippines, now known as the Thomasite Program.
  • Key legislative actions included the Sedition Law (1901), the Cooper Act (1902), and the Flag Law (1907).
  • The Jones Law (1916), also known as the Philippine Autonomy Act, stated the US intent to grant the Philippines independence once a stable government was established.
  • The Hare-Hawes Cutting Act (1933) promised Philippine independence after a 10-year period under commonwealth rule.
  • The Philippine Constitution was ratified in 1935.
  • The American occupation of the Philippines led to the establishment of a formal educational system, public schools with English as the teaching language, and universities like the University of the Philippines, as well as improvements in infrastructure such as roads.

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Related Documents

American Colonialism and Filipino-American War PDF

Description

Explore the practices of colonialism and imperialism as they relate to the American control of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War. This quiz will cover key events, treaties, and the implications of American colonial rule in the Philippines. Test your knowledge on how these historical contexts shaped modern relationships.

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