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What was the primary characteristic of the Moro Province established by the Americans?
What was the primary characteristic of the Moro Province established by the Americans?
What did the non-interference policy entail regarding the Moros' obligations?
What did the non-interference policy entail regarding the Moros' obligations?
In what year did American policy towards the Moros shift from non-interference to direct rule?
In what year did American policy towards the Moros shift from non-interference to direct rule?
What event allowed the Americans to confidently implement direct rule over the Moros?
What event allowed the Americans to confidently implement direct rule over the Moros?
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What was the role of military power in the administration of the Moro Province?
What was the role of military power in the administration of the Moro Province?
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What happens to the taxes and duties previously payable to the late government after cession?
What happens to the taxes and duties previously payable to the late government after cession?
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How should private property be treated according to the content provided?
How should private property be treated according to the content provided?
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What is the policy regarding ports and places in the Philippine Islands?
What is the policy regarding ports and places in the Philippine Islands?
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What is the primary aim of the military administration as stated?
What is the primary aim of the military administration as stated?
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In what situation should cash payment be made for private property taken for military use?
In what situation should cash payment be made for private property taken for military use?
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What should be maintained to ensure a stable government in the Philippine Islands?
What should be maintained to ensure a stable government in the Philippine Islands?
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What is required for goods and wares to be imported into the Philippines?
What is required for goods and wares to be imported into the Philippines?
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What approach is highlighted for the mission of the United States in the Philippines?
What approach is highlighted for the mission of the United States in the Philippines?
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What event prompted the U.S. Congress to declare war against Spain?
What event prompted the U.S. Congress to declare war against Spain?
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What was the outcome of the Treaty of Paris regarding the Philippines?
What was the outcome of the Treaty of Paris regarding the Philippines?
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How did Emilio Aguinaldo interact with the Americans at first?
How did Emilio Aguinaldo interact with the Americans at first?
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What was one of the significant effects of the Treaty of Paris on the Filipino revolutionists?
What was one of the significant effects of the Treaty of Paris on the Filipino revolutionists?
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What were the territories included in the Maguindanao Sultanate around 1898?
What were the territories included in the Maguindanao Sultanate around 1898?
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In the context of the Philippines, what does the term 'Christian Filipino revolutionaries' refer to?
In the context of the Philippines, what does the term 'Christian Filipino revolutionaries' refer to?
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What was the main reason for the negative response to the ratification of the Treaty of Paris?
What was the main reason for the negative response to the ratification of the Treaty of Paris?
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Which major states existed in the Philippines around 1898?
Which major states existed in the Philippines around 1898?
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What is required for the military government maintained by the United States in the Philippines?
What is required for the military government maintained by the United States in the Philippines?
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What message is the military commander of the United States supposed to convey to the inhabitants of the Philippines?
What message is the military commander of the United States supposed to convey to the inhabitants of the Philippines?
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What constitutes cooperation with the government of the United States?
What constitutes cooperation with the government of the United States?
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Under whose authority will the municipal laws of the territory continue to be administered?
Under whose authority will the municipal laws of the territory continue to be administered?
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What will happen to those who do not comply with the laws established by the United States?
What will happen to those who do not comply with the laws established by the United States?
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What is the primary duty of the military commander in the Philippines?
What is the primary duty of the military commander in the Philippines?
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Who can perform the operations of civil and municipal government in the ceded territory?
Who can perform the operations of civil and municipal government in the ceded territory?
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What is the status of military authority in the ceded territory until further legislation by the United States?
What is the status of military authority in the ceded territory until further legislation by the United States?
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What were the main policies enacted by the Americans that affected the Moros?
What were the main policies enacted by the Americans that affected the Moros?
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How did the term 'Moro Problem' originate?
How did the term 'Moro Problem' originate?
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What was a characteristic approach of the US military towards the Moros?
What was a characteristic approach of the US military towards the Moros?
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What did Najeeb Saleeby state about the Moro Problem?
What did Najeeb Saleeby state about the Moro Problem?
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What was the primary consequence of the forcible incorporation of Mindanao and Sulu by the United States?
What was the primary consequence of the forcible incorporation of Mindanao and Sulu by the United States?
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Why did the United States introduce the idea of resettling Christian farmers to Mindanao?
Why did the United States introduce the idea of resettling Christian farmers to Mindanao?
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Which significant battles occurred during the years of the Moro Province?
Which significant battles occurred during the years of the Moro Province?
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What was one outcome of American military superiority in dealing with the Moros?
What was one outcome of American military superiority in dealing with the Moros?
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What was one primary reason for the initial reluctance of Cebuanos to settle in Mindanao?
What was one primary reason for the initial reluctance of Cebuanos to settle in Mindanao?
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How was the governance of the Moro Province viewed in relation to the principle of 'the Philippines for the Filipinos'?
How was the governance of the Moro Province viewed in relation to the principle of 'the Philippines for the Filipinos'?
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Which policy did the American colonial government use to encourage Christian settlers to Mindanao?
Which policy did the American colonial government use to encourage Christian settlers to Mindanao?
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What was one unintended implication of the United States' policies in Mindanao after 1946?
What was one unintended implication of the United States' policies in Mindanao after 1946?
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What was the perception of Moros during the American expansion period?
What was the perception of Moros during the American expansion period?
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What role did the Treaty of Paris play in the Mindanao problem?
What role did the Treaty of Paris play in the Mindanao problem?
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What was the perception of the American architects of the settlement scheme regarding the Moros?
What was the perception of the American architects of the settlement scheme regarding the Moros?
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What was a significant aspect of the discriminatory land laws mentioned?
What was a significant aspect of the discriminatory land laws mentioned?
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Study Notes
American Colonial Period
- Objectives: Students should be able to answer questions about the events leading to American involvement in the Philippines, the Treaty of Paris, the stages of American occupation, and the causes of the "Mindanao problem".
Introductory Activity
- Film Showing: A short documentary, "Spanish-American War in the Philippines," provides context on the events leading to the arrival of the US in the Philippines.
- Naval Defeat: US Commodore George Dewey's fleet defeated the Spanish fleet at Manila Bay.
- Suspicions: The growing number of American troops raised concerns among Filipino revolutionary leaders about the US intentions.
- McKinley's Proclamation: Students might review the "Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation" by President McKinley, found in Box 9-1.
Treaty of Paris
- Role in Incorporation: The Treaty of Paris, signed between the US and Spain, officially ceded the Philippines to the US.
- Impact on Mindanao and Sulu: The treaty incorporated Mindanao and Sulu into the US possession.
American Occupation
- Stages: The American occupation in the Philippines is divided into stages: (1) Military Occupation (1899-1903), (2) Moro Province (1903-1913), and (3) Department of Mindanao and Sulu (1914-1920).
Military Occupation
- Non-interference Policy: Initially, the US adopted a policy of non-interference in Moro affairs.
- Sultan Jamalul Kiram: US General John C. Bates negotiated with the leaders of Sulu, including Sultan Jamalul Kiram, aiming for peaceful relations.
Moro Province
- Direct Rule: By 1903, with Emilio Aguinaldo's capture, US confidence increased, leading to "direct rule".
- Tribal Wards: Moro/Muslim districts became governed through tribal wards, with tribal leaders responsible for their constituents.
- Districts: These local wards were composed of Davao, Cotabato, Lanao, Sulu, and Zamboanga.
- Policies: The US implemented policies like taxation, anti-slavery laws, and disarmament, which, at times, led to conflict with the Moros.
Department of Mindanao and Sulu
- Filipinization: There was a move to transfer control to Filipino officials - the Department of Mindanao and Sulu would organize the territory under the US colonial administration.
- Moro Resentments: These policies frequently caused Moro resentment and resistance due to the perceived unfairness of American policies and efforts of assimilation.
Causes of Mindanao Problem
- Forcible Incorporation: US acquisition of Mindanao and Sulu in the Treaty of Paris is considered a factor in the issues.
- Christian Settlers: Resettlement of Christian natives from other regions into Mindanao created friction.
- Discriminatory Land Laws: The US government implemented land laws, such as acts #496, #718, #926, and the Cadastral Act of 1907, favoring large-scale land acquisition and often ignoring customary claims, which aggravated existing tensions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the events leading to American involvement in the Philippines, focusing on key aspects such as the Treaty of Paris and the implications of American occupation. This quiz covers significant historical events and policies that shaped the Philippine-American relationship during the colonial period.
