American Citizens' Rights

What are considered civil liberties of American citizens?

Rights that protect against discrimination.

Benefits provided by the government.

Rights granted to all living in America.

Natural rights that limit government actions. (correct)

What is the role of civil rights for American citizens?

To promote military service.

To regulate economic policies.

To ensure equal treatment and protection against discrimination. (correct)

To limit voting rights.

Which group was primarily concerned with limiting actions of the national government?

Anti-Federalists (correct)

Federalists

Moderate Republicans

Liberal Democrats

Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between civil liberties and civil rights?

Civil rights ensure equality, while civil liberties restrict government intervention. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Federalist view regarding the necessity of a Bill of Rights?

It was unnecessary because the Constitution already limited government powers. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects a key concern of the Federalist perspective?

Enumerating rights could imply the government has power over unlisted rights. Signup and view all the answers

What led to the process of selective incorporation of the Bill of Rights to the States?

The ratification of the 14th amendment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of the process of selective incorporation on state laws?

Certain federal rights are now protected from state infringement Signup and view all the answers

What does the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment prohibit?

The government from creating and supporting an official state church Signup and view all the answers

What right does the Free Exercise Clause guarantee?

The freedom to engage in religious activities of one's choice Signup and view all the answers

In the case of Kennedy v. Bremerton School District, which First Amendment rights were emphasized?

The Free Exercise and Free Speech Clauses Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the First Amendment's protection of religious exercise?

To allow individuals to worship without government interference Signup and view all the answers

What type of speech is considered sedition?

Speech that incites violence against the government Signup and view all the answers

Which court case addressed the protection of offensive speech in a political context?

Texas v. Johnson Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'fighting words' refer to?

Speech intended to provoke violence Signup and view all the answers

What is the legal definition of libel?

Written defamation of character Signup and view all the answers

In 303 Creative v. Elenis, what was the central issue regarding the website designer?

The requirement to create designs they disagree with Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Second Amendment?

For self-defense and defense against the state Signup and view all the answers

Which court case determined that New York's proper-cause requirement violates the Fourteenth Amendment?

NYSRPA v. Bruen Signup and view all the answers

How is gun regulation generally determined in the United States?

Largely left up to state governments Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship of self-defense to the Second Amendment?

Self-defense is a fundamental aspect of the right to bear arms Signup and view all the answers

What does the Fourth Amendment protect citizens from?

Unreasonable searches and seizures Signup and view all the answers

Which rights are guaranteed under the Fifth Amendment?

Right to due process of law Signup and view all the answers

What does the Sixth Amendment ensure for accused persons?

Right to a jury in criminal cases Signup and view all the answers

What does the Eighth Amendment prohibit?

Cruel or unusual punishment Signup and view all the answers

What did the Gideon v. Wainwright case establish regarding legal representation?

Appointment of attorneys for defendants who cannot afford one Signup and view all the answers

What requirement was established in the Miranda v. Arizona case?

Advising suspects of their rights during interrogations Signup and view all the answers

What is a key principle behind due process rights?

Preventing imprisonment without cause Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment provides the right to trial by jury in civil cases?

Seventh Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What specific action does due process aim to limit regarding law enforcement?

Conducting arrests without evidence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a right specified in Amendments 4-8?

Right to privacy in communications Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment is associated with the protection against self-incrimination?

5th Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What did the case Griswold v. Connecticut establish regarding privacy rights?

The right to privacy prevents states from banning contraception for married couples. Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment states that rights are not limited to those explicitly mentioned?

9th Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental right did Roe v. Wade protect?

A woman's choice to have an abortion. Signup and view all the answers

Which case argued that withholding contraception from single persons had a fatal flaw?

Eisenstadt v. Baird Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary legal basis for upholding state-imposed racial segregation in the late 19th century?

Plessy v. Ferguson Signup and view all the answers

What common practices did states implement following the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments?

Imposing laws for racial segregation Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant impact of Jim Crow laws on society?

Legal separation of races in public institutions Signup and view all the answers

What type of discrimination was imposed by many states following the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments?

De jure discrimination Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cases addressed workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation?

Bostock v. Clayton County Signup and view all the answers

What was the ruling of the Supreme Court in Fisher v. University of Texas?

Race could be used as a consideration in admissions without violating the Equal Protection Clause. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of affirmative action, what did the Regents of the University of California v. Bakke case establish?

Racial quotas in admissions are prohibited under the Civil Rights Act. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) as originally authored by Alice Paul?

To ensure equality of rights under the law regardless of sex. Signup and view all the answers

How many states were required to ratify the ERA for it to become part of the Constitution?

38 Signup and view all the answers

Which states rescinded their ratification votes for the ERA between 1973 and 1978?

Idaho, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Tennessee Signup and view all the answers

What action did Congress take regarding the deadline for ratifying the ERA?

It extended the deadline by three years. Signup and view all the answers

Which state was the last to ratify the ERA among the recent ratifications?

Virginia Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary ruling of the Supreme Court in Barron v. Baltimore?

The Bill of Rights only restricts the federal government. Signup and view all the answers

What did Barron allege the city of Baltimore violated?

The Fifth Amendment right to just compensation for property. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the legal principle established by Barron v. Baltimore?

The Bill of Rights restricts only federal government powers. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason the Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights does not apply to state governments in Barron v. Baltimore?

The Constitution does not explicitly mention states in the Bill of Rights. Signup and view all the answers

How did Chief Justice John Marshall characterize the ruling regarding the Bill of Rights in Barron v. Baltimore?

As straightforward and self-evident. Signup and view all the answers

Which Amendment's protections were central to Barron's case against the city of Baltimore?

The Fifth Amendment Signup and view all the answers