Amaryllidaceae (Narzissengewächse) - Botany Quiz
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Questions and Answers

How many subfamilies do Amaryllidaceae include?

  • 1
  • 3 (correct)
  • 2
  • 4

    • What type of plant survival strategy do Amaryllidaceae plants use during unfavorable seasons?

    Geophytes

    Amaryllidaceae plants have mainly parallel-veined leaves.

    True

    Amaryllidaceae flowers have a ___ structure that aids insect pollination.

    <p>radiasymmetric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is found in the seed coats of Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>Phytomelanin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plants are most Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>Zwiebelgeophyten</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the leaves arranged in Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>Alternate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the leaves in Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>Ungeteilt with parallel venation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Do Amaryllidaceae have stipules?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the flower in Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>Zwitterig, with a simple perianth (perigon)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many perianth parts are found in Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>3+3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the stamens in Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>3+3, free</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many carpels are found in Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the fruit in Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>3-klappige, dorsizide Kapseln</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of pollination in Amaryllidaceae?

    <p>Animal pollination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Amaryllidaceae (Narzissengewächse)

    • Systematics and Distribution: Amaryllidaceae are monocotyledonous angiosperms, part of the Asparagales order, and comprise around 60 genera and 900-1000 species.
    • Distribution: Unlike Liliaceae (Lily family), which are only found in the Northern Hemisphere, Amaryllidaceae are found in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, with a focus on warm-temperate to tropical zones.

    Morphology

    • Habit: Most species are perennial herbaceous plants with underground storage organs (geophytes) that help them survive unfavorable seasons.
    • Bulb: The bulb is of the tunicate type, surrounded by a protective covering (tunica) made up of dead leaf bases (e.g., Galanthus, Leucojum, and Narcissus). Exceptions include Clivia, which has a rhizome instead of a bulb.
    • Root System: The root system is composed of equal-sized roots, without a main axis (homorrhiz). Some species, like Clivia, have a velamen radicum, which can absorb a lot of water quickly.
    • Leaf: Leaves are arranged alternately, have parallel veins, and are simple and entire.
    • Flower and Inflorescence: Flowers are radiially symmetrical, with a perianth consisting of 6 tepals in two whorls of three. The inflorescence is a thyrse, with the flowers arranged in a cyme.
    • Fruit: Most species have capsules that open dorsally, but some have berries (e.g., Clivia).

    Inhabitants and Nutritive Values

    • Inhabitants: Many species contain alkaloids, which are slightly toxic, and are thus avoided by animals.
    • Nutritive Values: Some species have elaiosomes, which are protein- and fat-rich structures that attract animals, which then help to disperse the seeds.

    Important Plant Species

    • Ornamental Plants: include Hippeastrum (Ritterstern), Clivia (Klivie), Galanthus (Schneeglöckchen), Haemanthus (Blutblume), Leucojum (Märzenbecher), and Narcissus (Narzisse).
    • Useful Plants: Some species are used as medicine, while others are used as food.

    Further Reading

    • Several books and articles are recommended for further reading, including works by Cole et al. (2019), Dörken and Steinecke (2022), and many others.

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    Test your knowledge of Amaryllidaceae, a family of monocotyledonous angiosperms, including their systematics, distribution, and morphology.

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