ALS and Military Service Epidemiology

What event took place at Yankee Stadium on July 4, 1939?

What is the connection between Lou Gehrig and people serving in the military, according to the text?

What conclusion does the existing evidence support regarding military service and ALS, according to the text?

What is one of the main questions raised in the text about ALS and military service?

Based on the text, what percentage of U.S. persons meeting the case definition for ALS reported service in the military?

What does the CDC report published in 2018 demonstrate about men in older age groups affected by ALS and military service?

What does the high percentage of ALS patients reporting military service imply?

What is the primary goal of The ALS Association in raising awareness about ALS and military service?

What is a central resource provided by The ALS Association and its local Chapters?

What is a common symptom experienced by ALS patients as the disease progresses?

What is a characteristic of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in relation to ALS?

What is the prognosis for a person diagnosed with ALS in 2018, as mentioned in the text?

Which drug is used as an adjunct medication in the management of ALS symptoms, according to the text?

What is the role of nerve cells, or motor neurons, in the human body according to the text?

What year was Riluzole approved by the FDA for the treatment of ALS, as mentioned in the text?

What does The ALS Association advocate for in relation to public policies, as stated in the text?

What is known about the effectiveness of Riluzole in extending life for people with ALS?

What does The ALS Association aim to achieve through broad-based research into ALS and the military?

What is the main purpose of Nuedexta as mentioned in the text?

Based on the text, what additional improvements have been associated with Nuedexta in ALS patients?

What is the mechanism of action of Edaravone in treating ALS?

How does Edaravone compare to Riluzole in treating ALS?

What has contributed to the increasing prevalence of ALS over the years?

What percentage of all ALS cases are hereditary?

Which of the following is NOT identified as a potential risk factor for sporadic ALS?

From the text, what have researchers identified as a potential interaction contributing to the onset and progression of ALS?

Which occupation has been identified as having a close association with the development of ALS?

Based on the text, what do recent results from a Danish cohort indicate regarding ALS risk in men?

What do some populations engaging in intense physical activity, such as collegiate- or professional-level athletes, potentially have an association with?

What is the Million Veteran Program mentioned in the text?

What did the VA establish following the publication of studies linking Gulf War veterans to ALS?

What study evaluated the joint effects of genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures to the risk of sporadic ALS?

When was the National ALS Registry, subsuming the 2003-2007 VA registry, launched?

What did researchers at Harvard University’s School of Public Health seek to assess in 2005?

What was the focus of the ALS C.A.R.E. project from 1996-2005?

What did male veterans with ALS exhibit a greater prevalence of, compared to non-veterans?

What prompted the interest in studying veterans and ALS?

What did Congress mandate in 2008, subsuming the 2003-2007 VA registry?

What did the VA request from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine in 2006?

What were the conclusions of retrospective studies conducted by researchers at Harvard University’s School of Public Health?

What was examined through long-term follow-up conducted by the ALS C.A.R.E project?

What is a likely reason for the higher incidence of ALS in military personnel?

Which study reported an increased risk of ALS among all branches of the military?

What was the funding source for the Horner et al. study?

What did the Haley et al. study focus on?

Which substance is NOT mentioned as a risk factor thought to be linked to ALS in military personnel?

What did the Horner et al. study seek to identify?

What was the observed incidence of ALS in young Gulf War veterans according to the Haley et al. study?

What percentage of Desert Storm veterans diagnosed with ALS were younger than 25 according to the Haley et al. study?

What was a major finding of the Horner et al. study?

What environmental trigger was suggested by the Haley et al. study?

What was the main finding of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) committee regarding the connection between ALS and military service?

What did the VA implement in 2008, two years after the IOM report, regarding ALS and military service?

What did the studies conducted by epidemiologists at Harvard’s School of Public Health in 2009 and 2015 find regarding the risk of ALS in men with a history of military service?

What aspect of military service did the IOM committee call for further investigation into, regarding its contribution to disease etiology?

What did the meta-analysis conducted using eight case-control studies and three cohort studies indicate about the risk of ALS in military personnel compared to non-military personnel?

What is one limitation of the studies conducted by epidemiologists at Harvard’s School of Public Health regarding their assessment of the relationship between military service and mortality from ALS?

What distinguishes the presumption for ALS from other presumptions issued by the VA?

What did the 2016 meta-analysis conducted using case-control and cohort studies indicate about the relationship between military service and the risk of ALS?

Based on the text, what does The National Academies advise on public health issues and healthcare policy?

What does The IOM committee call for further investigation into, based on their evaluation of existing scientific literature?

What does The VA regulation put into place in 2008 regarding veterans with ALS?

What has contributed to making the presumption for ALS broad, unlike other presumptions issued by the VA?

What did the recent large population-based case-control study in Denmark find regarding the association between military employment and ALS?

What did the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC) find to be the strongest evidence for an association between ALS and TBI?

According to the DVBIC research review, what factor was found to be more closely associated with the risk of developing ALS in relation to TBI?

What did researchers from the VA Biorepository Brain Bank find regarding the comorbidity of ALS and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)?

What were subjects with ALS and CTE comorbidity more likely to have, according to the researchers from the VA Biorepository Brain Bank?

What did the DVBIC authors report about the links and associations noted in the studies they considered?

"Ultimately, what were the results of The DVBIC research review regarding the joint effects of genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures to the risk of sporadic ALS?"

"What are some common risk factors facing military personnel that need to be considered in future research, as stated in the text?"

"What percentage of subjects examined by researchers from the VA Biorepository Brain Bank were found to have both ALS and CTE comorbidity?"

"What is the traumatic brain injury center of excellence for the Defense Health Agency?"

"What did researchers from the VA Biorepository Brain Bank aim to examine regarding subjects with confirmed ALS?"