Questions and Answers
What is the average of a set of data called?
What is an extreme high or low data value called?
outlier
What is the study of data known as?
statistics
What do you call statistics based on two data sets?
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What is numerical data that consists of counts or measurements called?
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What is the third or upper quartile called?
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What is the middle value when data is arranged in numerical order?
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What is the data value that occurs most frequently?
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What indicates how far data values are from the mean?
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What is a sub-group of the population called?
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What term describes a sample that is biased or skewed?
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What type of graph shows pairs of data values as points?
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What indicates the strength of the association between variables?
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What is a sample that is random and fair called?
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What is used to predict values not in the data set?
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What is it called when changes in one variable directly cause changes in another variable?
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What indicates how many there are of a certain data value?
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What is the first or lower quartile referred to as?
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What do you call the interquartile range?
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What is the r-value that measures how well the data fits the regression?
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What are the statistics that indicate the spread of data?
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What are the statistics that indicate where a typical piece of data will fall?
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What is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of a data set?
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What term describes the differences in a data set?
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Study Notes
Definitions and Key Concepts
- Mean: Also known as "x-bar," it represents the average of a data set, calculated by dividing the sum of the values by the total number of values.
- Outlier: An extreme value that significantly differs from other data points in a set, potentially distorting statistical analyses.
- Statistics: The field focused on collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.
- Bivariate Statistics: Analyzes two variables or two data sets to understand their relationship.
- Quantitative Data: Consists of numerical information, which can be counts or measurements.
Quartiles and Measures
- Q3 (Upper Quartile): Marks the point below which 75% of the data lies, indicating the upper quarter of the data set.
- Median: The middle value of a data set when arranged in ascending order.
- Mode: The data value that occurs most frequently in a data set.
- Standard Deviation: Measures the average distance of each data point from the mean, providing insight into data variability.
Sampling and Bias
- Sample: A subgroup taken from a larger population to represent the whole in statistical analysis.
- Biased Sample: A skewed or unrepresentative sample that doesn’t accurately reflect the population, leading to unreliable results.
- Unbiased Sample: A random and fair sample that accurately represents the population and produces reliable results.
Graphical Representations
- Scatter Plot: A type of graph where pairs of values are plotted as points, useful for visualizing relationships between two variables.
- Correlation: Indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables, crucial in determining how one variable may affect another.
Regression and Variability
- Linear Regression: A method for creating a line of best fit through data points, used for prediction purposes on data not included in the original set.
- Causation: Indicates a direct relationship where changes in one variable result in changes in another variable.
- Correlation Coefficient (r-value): A statistical measure that indicates how well the data fit a regression line.
Data Spread and Central Tendencies
- Frequency: A count that reflects how often a specific data point appears in a data set.
- Q1 (Lower Quartile): The value below which 25% of the data falls, identifying the lower quarter of the data set.
- Interquartile Range (IQR): Calculated as Q3 minus Q1, it measures the range in which the middle 50% of data points fall.
- Measures of Dispersion: Statistics that indicate the spread of data, including range (difference between max and min), standard deviation, and IQR.
- Measures of Central Tendency: Statistics that indicate typical values in data sets, specifically the mean, median, and mode.
- Range: The difference between the maximum and minimum values in a data set, providing a measure of its overall spread.
- Variation: Refers to the differences observed within a data set.
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Description
This quiz features flashcards that cover key concepts in statistics from Algebra 1, Unit 1. You'll learn definitions and meanings of important terms like mean, outlier, and bivariate. Enhance your understanding of statistical data analysis with these fundamental terms.
