Algebra 1 - Statistics Flashcards

Key Statistical Terms

• Median: The center value in a sorted list of numbers. If the list has an even number of entries, the median is the average of the two middle numbers.

• Mean: The average calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values.

• Mode: The number appearing most frequently in a data set. There can be more than one mode or none at all if all numbers occur with the same frequency.

• Range: The difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set, indicating the spread of the data.

• IQR (Interquartile Range): Calculated by subtracting the first quartile (Q1) from the third quartile (Q3), representing the middle 50% of the data.

Quartiles

• Q1 (First Quartile): The value that separates the lowest 25% of data from the rest.

• Q3 (Third Quartile): The value that separates the highest 25% of data from the rest.

Data Distributions

• Symmetric: A distribution where data points are evenly distributed around the mean, presenting a balanced shape.

• Skewed Right: A distribution characterized by a longer tail on the right side, indicating higher outliers affect the average.

• Skewed Left: A distribution showing a longer tail on the left side, impacted by lower outliers affecting the average.

Outliers and Data Representation

• Outlier: An exceptional value in a data set that is significantly higher or lower than the rest, which can distort statistical analyses.

• Histogram: A graphical representation using vertical bars to show the frequency of different data ranges, useful for visualizing distributions.

• Line Plot: A visual display (also called a dot plot) representing data points as dots above a number line, illustrating the frequency of each score.

• Box Plot: A succinct graphical summary depicting data based on a five-number summary—minimum, Q1, median, Q3, and maximum—highlighting data distribution.

Data Types

• Qualitative Data: Non-numeric data represented in the form of words, describing qualities or characteristics.

• Quantitative Data: Numeric data that can be measured or counted.

Frequency Tables

• Marginal Frequencies: Totals found in the margins (last row and column) of a two-way frequency table, summarizing overall counts.

• Joint Frequencies: The counts found in the body of a two-way frequency table, showing the intersection of two data categories.

• Conditional Frequencies: The relative frequencies derived from joint frequencies in a two-way table, displaying the proportional relationship between categories.

• Two-Way Frequency Table: A structured format for organizing and comparing two different sets of data, enhancing analysis across categories.

Test your knowledge of key statistical terms like median, mean, mode, range, and IQR with these flashcards. Perfect for Algebra 1 students looking to reinforce their understanding of statistics concepts.