30 Questions
What is the boiling point of ethylene oxide?
$10.7°C$
What is the maximum concentration of ethylene oxide in air before it becomes highly explosive?
3.6% v/v
Which of the following items is NOT mentioned as being sterilized using ethylene oxide?
Surgical gowns
What is the primary drawback of using ethylene oxide for sterilization?
It leaves toxic residues that require desorption
How can the explosion hazard of ethylene oxide be reduced?
By mixing it with carbon dioxide
What is the primary advantage of ethylene oxide gas for sterilization?
It has high penetrating power
What is the primary mechanism of action of chlorine compounds as disinfectants?
The action of hypochlorous acid
Which of the following is a characteristic of iodine as a disinfectant?
It is highly active against spores
What is the primary use of hydrogen peroxide as a disinfectant?
Disinfecting plastic implants and contact lenses
Which of the following is a characteristic of iodophors?
They are mixtures of iodine with various surface-active agents
How does the activity of chlorine as a disinfectant get affected?
It is reduced by the presence of organic matter
Which of the following is a common use of hypochlorite solutions or bleaching powder?
Disinfecting HIV-infected material
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Formaldehyde?
Formalin contains 50% formaldehyde.
Which of the following statements about Aniline dyes is true?
Aniline dyes like brilliant green are highly selective for gram-positive organisms.
What is the major component of embalming fluids?
Formalin
Which characteristic differentiates Glutaraldehyde from Formaldehyde?
Glutaraldehyde is more active and less toxic than Formaldehyde.
What is the main purpose of using Alkylating Agents in the context provided?
To sterilize surgical instruments
Why are Aniline dyes preferred for selective culture media in laboratories?
Because they have low bactericidal activity but are highly selective for gram-positive organisms
Which type of alcohol is preferred for use as a skin disinfectant?
Isopropyl alcohol
Which heavy metal ion was commonly employed for prophylaxis of ophthalmic neonatorum in newborn infants?
Silver nitrate
What is the mechanism by which halogens act as disinfectants?
Converting functional-SH groups to the oxidized S-S form
Which type of alcohol is toxic and inflammable as a vapor?
Methyl alcohol
Which of the following is most effective against fungal spores?
Methyl alcohol
Among the heavy metals mentioned, which one has limited use due to its high toxicity?
Mercury
Which method is traditionally used to overcome the activity of antibiotics for which there are no inactivating agents?
Membrane filtration
What is the purpose of positive controls in microbiological testing?
To show that microorganisms can grow under the test conditions
Which enzyme is known to modify aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Acetyltransferase
What type of agents are substances with a high dilution coefficient suitable for dilution as per the text?
Phenols and cresols
What is the purpose of filtering a solution of a product through a hydrophobic-edged membrane filter?
To retain contaminating microorganisms
Why is it important to assess the ability of small numbers of microorganisms to grow in positive controls?
To demonstrate that microbial growth can occur under test conditions
This quiz covers the properties and uses of alcohol-based disinfectants, focusing on their effectiveness against bacteria, viruses, and spores. It also discusses the specific concentrations required for optimal disinfection and the mechanism by which they work.
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