Alcohol-based Disinfectants
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Questions and Answers

What is the boiling point of ethylene oxide?

  • $-50.8°C$
  • $50.8°C$
  • $10.7°C$ (correct)
  • $-10.7°C$

    • What is the maximum concentration of ethylene oxide in air before it becomes highly explosive?

  • 3.6% v/v (correct)
  • 1.8% v/v
  • 7.2% v/v
  • 5.4% v/v

    • Which of the following items is NOT mentioned as being sterilized using ethylene oxide?

  • Surgical gowns (correct)
  • Sutures
  • Respirators
  • Heart-lung machines

    • What is the primary drawback of using ethylene oxide for sterilization?

    <p>It leaves toxic residues that require desorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the explosion hazard of ethylene oxide be reduced?

    <p>By mixing it with carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of ethylene oxide gas for sterilization?

    <p>It has high penetrating power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of chlorine compounds as disinfectants?

    <p>The action of hypochlorous acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of iodine as a disinfectant?

    <p>It is highly active against spores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of hydrogen peroxide as a disinfectant?

    <p>Disinfecting plastic implants and contact lenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of iodophors?

    <p>They are mixtures of iodine with various surface-active agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the activity of chlorine as a disinfectant get affected?

    <p>It is reduced by the presence of organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common use of hypochlorite solutions or bleaching powder?

    <p>Disinfecting HIV-infected material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Formaldehyde?

    <p>Formalin contains 50% formaldehyde.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Aniline dyes is true?

    <p>Aniline dyes like brilliant green are highly selective for gram-positive organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major component of embalming fluids?

    <p>Formalin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic differentiates Glutaraldehyde from Formaldehyde?

    <p>Glutaraldehyde is more active and less toxic than Formaldehyde.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using Alkylating Agents in the context provided?

    <p>To sterilize surgical instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are Aniline dyes preferred for selective culture media in laboratories?

    <p>Because they have low bactericidal activity but are highly selective for gram-positive organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of alcohol is preferred for use as a skin disinfectant?

    <p>Isopropyl alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heavy metal ion was commonly employed for prophylaxis of ophthalmic neonatorum in newborn infants?

    <p>Silver nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which halogens act as disinfectants?

    <p>Converting functional-SH groups to the oxidized S-S form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of alcohol is toxic and inflammable as a vapor?

    <p>Methyl alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is most effective against fungal spores?

    <p>Methyl alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the heavy metals mentioned, which one has limited use due to its high toxicity?

    <p>Mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is traditionally used to overcome the activity of antibiotics for which there are no inactivating agents?

    <p>Membrane filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of positive controls in microbiological testing?

    <p>To show that microorganisms can grow under the test conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is known to modify aminoglycoside antibiotics?

    <p>Acetyltransferase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of agents are substances with a high dilution coefficient suitable for dilution as per the text?

    <p>Phenols and cresols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of filtering a solution of a product through a hydrophobic-edged membrane filter?

    <p>To retain contaminating microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to assess the ability of small numbers of microorganisms to grow in positive controls?

    <p>To demonstrate that microbial growth can occur under test conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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