Alcohol-based Disinfectants

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Questions and Answers

What is the boiling point of ethylene oxide?

  • $-50.8°C$
  • $50.8°C$
  • $10.7°C$ (correct)
  • $-10.7°C$

What is the maximum concentration of ethylene oxide in air before it becomes highly explosive?

  • 3.6% v/v (correct)
  • 1.8% v/v
  • 7.2% v/v
  • 5.4% v/v

Which of the following items is NOT mentioned as being sterilized using ethylene oxide?

  • Surgical gowns (correct)
  • Sutures
  • Respirators
  • Heart-lung machines

What is the primary drawback of using ethylene oxide for sterilization?

<p>It leaves toxic residues that require desorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the explosion hazard of ethylene oxide be reduced?

<p>By mixing it with carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of ethylene oxide gas for sterilization?

<p>It has high penetrating power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of chlorine compounds as disinfectants?

<p>The action of hypochlorous acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of iodine as a disinfectant?

<p>It is highly active against spores (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of hydrogen peroxide as a disinfectant?

<p>Disinfecting plastic implants and contact lenses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of iodophors?

<p>They are mixtures of iodine with various surface-active agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the activity of chlorine as a disinfectant get affected?

<p>It is reduced by the presence of organic matter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common use of hypochlorite solutions or bleaching powder?

<p>Disinfecting HIV-infected material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Formaldehyde?

<p>Formalin contains 50% formaldehyde. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Aniline dyes is true?

<p>Aniline dyes like brilliant green are highly selective for gram-positive organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of embalming fluids?

<p>Formalin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic differentiates Glutaraldehyde from Formaldehyde?

<p>Glutaraldehyde is more active and less toxic than Formaldehyde. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using Alkylating Agents in the context provided?

<p>To sterilize surgical instruments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are Aniline dyes preferred for selective culture media in laboratories?

<p>Because they have low bactericidal activity but are highly selective for gram-positive organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of alcohol is preferred for use as a skin disinfectant?

<p>Isopropyl alcohol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heavy metal ion was commonly employed for prophylaxis of ophthalmic neonatorum in newborn infants?

<p>Silver nitrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which halogens act as disinfectants?

<p>Converting functional-SH groups to the oxidized S-S form (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of alcohol is toxic and inflammable as a vapor?

<p>Methyl alcohol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most effective against fungal spores?

<p>Methyl alcohol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among the heavy metals mentioned, which one has limited use due to its high toxicity?

<p>Mercury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is traditionally used to overcome the activity of antibiotics for which there are no inactivating agents?

<p>Membrane filtration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of positive controls in microbiological testing?

<p>To show that microorganisms can grow under the test conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is known to modify aminoglycoside antibiotics?

<p>Acetyltransferase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of agents are substances with a high dilution coefficient suitable for dilution as per the text?

<p>Phenols and cresols (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of filtering a solution of a product through a hydrophobic-edged membrane filter?

<p>To retain contaminating microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to assess the ability of small numbers of microorganisms to grow in positive controls?

<p>To demonstrate that microbial growth can occur under test conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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