Aircraft Oxygen Systems and Human Respiration
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the Earth's atmosphere is composed of oxygen?

  • 78%
  • 1%
  • 35%
  • 21% (correct)

    • What condition results from a reduction in the normal oxygen supply to the body?

  • Hyperoxia
  • Hypoxia (correct)
  • Ischemia
  • Dyspnea

    • What is the primary effect of flying at high altitudes on oxygen levels in the body?

  • Increase in oxygen absorption
  • Stabilization of oxygen supply
  • Decrease in lung oxygen pressure (correct)
  • Reduction in metabolism

    • Which of the following gases is not directly utilized by humans for life processes?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two methods can overcome the reduced pressure of oxygen at high altitudes?

    <p>Increase the quantity of oxygen and increase oxygen pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does water vapor play in the atmosphere?

    <p>Contributes to weather formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ozone composed of?

    <p>Three oxygen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a rebreather apparatus in oxygen systems?

    <p>To capture exhaled oxygen for reuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the demand-flow oxygen regulator initiate oxygen flow to the mask?

    <p>Using an aneroid that compresses when negative pressure is created</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the aneroid play in the demand-flow systems?

    <p>It dictates the mixture of air with oxygen during usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of continuous-flow oxygen systems?

    <p>They can waste oxygen during breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is atmospheric pressure relevant to the operation of the aneroid in demand-flow oxygen systems?

    <p>It compresses the aneroid, influencing valve ports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using liquid oxygen (LOX) compared to high-pressure gaseous oxygen cylinders?

    <p>LOX requires less storage space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a chemical oxygen generator produce oxygen?

    <p>By igniting sodium chlorate with a spark.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration for which a chemical oxygen generator can supply oxygen once activated?

    <p>10 to 20 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology does the Onboard Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS) utilize to separate oxygen?

    <p>Molecular sieve technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is primarily responsible for activating a chemical oxygen generator?

    <p>A spring-loaded firing pin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do oxygen regulators play in aircraft oxygen systems?

    <p>They regulate the dispensing of oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of a chemical oxygen generator?

    <p>It can only supply oxygen for a short time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT impact the choice of oxygen system used in aircraft?

    <p>Color of the oxygen supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are onboard oxygen generating systems (OBOGS) preferred in military aircraft?

    <p>They alleviate the need for ground-based oxygen support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of using LOX on military aircraft?

    <p>It enhances the efficiency of oxygen storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily affected when increasing the quantity of oxygen in breathing air in small and medium-sized aircraft?

    <p>The pressure required to saturate blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum allowable water level in liters of aviation breathing oxygen?

    <p>0.02 ml per liter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of gaseous oxygen at normal atmosphere conditions?

    <p>It is a colorless gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are aviator’s breathing oxygen cylinders typically painted green?

    <p>For easy identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could happen if there is excessive water in the oxygen delivery system?

    <p>Risk of valve freezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature must gaseous oxygen be lowered to become liquid oxygen?

    <p>-183°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What design feature is used for storing and transporting liquid oxygen?

    <p>Vacuum insulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cabin pressurization in large passenger aircraft?

    <p>To enhance oxygen saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk of using oxygen systems without proper precautions?

    <p>Possible freezing in valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the blowout disk located on the fuselage skin?

    <p>To show that the relief valve has opened and requires investigation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the function of an automatic continuous-flow regulator?

    <p>It has a built-in aneroid that adjusts oxygen flow automatically based on altitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the absence of a green blowout disk indicate?

    <p>The relief valve has opened, indicating a potential issue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a manual continuous-flow regulator differ from an automatic one?

    <p>It must be adjusted by the crew as altitude changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is common in the passenger service unit (PSU) of a continuous-flow oxygen system?

    <p>Plug-in supply sockets for passenger connection to oxygen masks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what condition does flow from the continuous-flow system become active?

    <p>When the passenger pulls on the oxygen mask.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of adjusting the left gauge on a manual continuous-flow regulator?

    <p>To precisely match oxygen delivery with flight altitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color are most blowout disks typically shown to be?

    <p>Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an aneroid mechanism function within an automatic continuous-flow regulator?

    <p>It increases oxygen flow as altitude increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a walk-around inspection, what indicates that the oxygen system may not be functioning correctly?

    <p>Absence of the green blowout disk on the fuselage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes liquid oxygen (LOX) from gaseous oxygen?

    <p>It has a lower temperature than atmospheric conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem can arise from excessive water in the oxygen delivery system?

    <p>It may cause freezing in the valves and regulators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominant reason for the human body's sluggish condition at high altitudes?

    <p>Decreased oxygen pressure in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the function of aviator's breathing oxygen cylinders?

    <p>They are typically painted green to indicate their specific use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach is NOT effective in compensating for low oxygen pressure at high altitudes?

    <p>Increasing the percentage of nitrogen in the air supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of increasing the quantity of oxygen available in small and medium-sized aircraft?

    <p>To ensure blood saturation occurs with less pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does ozone play in the atmosphere relevant to human survival?

    <p>It protects against harmful solar radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas is primarily responsible for oxygen utilizing plants during photosynthesis?

    <p>Carbon Dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What design aspect is crucial for storing and transporting liquid oxygen (LOX)?

    <p>Evacuated, double-walled insulation to maintain low temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the interaction of oxygen and sunlight contribute to the formation of ozone?

    <p>Oxygen molecules are split and recombine with free atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary component of continuous-flow oxygen systems?

    <p>Pressure relief valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the functioning of a continuous-flow oxygen system?

    <p>Oxygen flow continues even when the user is not inhaling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ensures that excessive pressure does not damage the components of a continuous-flow oxygen system?

    <p>Relief valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way are continuous-flow oxygen systems typically configured in aircraft?

    <p>With permanent delivery plumbing installed to all stations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is usually included in the design of oxygen cylinder valves in high-pressure systems?

    <p>Safety relief valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aircraft Oxygen Systems

    • Aircraft oxygen systems are designed to provide sufficient oxygen at high altitudes.
    • Aircraft oxygen systems are categorized by the type of regulator used to dispense oxygen.

    Composition of the Atmosphere

    • Earth's atmosphere is a mixture of gases (air)
    • 78% Nitrogen
    • 21% Oxygen
    • 1% other gases (CO2, water vapor, ozone)
    • Nitrogen is an inert gas.
    • Carbon dioxide is used by plants in photosynthesis.
    • Water vapor is important in weather formation.
    • Ozone contains three oxygen atoms.

    Human Respiration and Circulation

    • Oxygen is essential for human and animal survival.
    • Flying at high altitudes decreases the pressure of oxygen in the lungs.
    • A reduction in oxygen supply affects body function and consciousness.
    • Insufficient oxygen causes hypoxia.

    Aircraft Oxygen Systems

    • Oxygen systems increase the quantity of oxygen for breathing air.
    • This is commonly used in smaller aircraft without cabin pressurization.
    • Large transport aircraft use cabin pressurization to increase the proportion of oxygen available.

    Forms of Oxygen and Characteristics

    • Gaseous oxygen is colorless, odorless, and tasteless.
    • Aviator's breathing oxygen is stored and transported in high-pressure cylinders typically painted green.
    • The water level in oxygen cylinders should not exceed 0.02 ml/liter.
    • Water can freeze in small passages of valves and regulators.

    Liquid Oxygen (LOX)

    • Liquid oxygen is a pale blue, transparent liquid.
    • LOX is stored and transported in special double-walled containers for insulation.
    • Oxygen is often converted from a liquid to gas to be used onboard.

    Chemical or Solid Oxygen Generators

    • These provide backup oxygen in case of system failure.
    • They utilize a chemical reaction to produce oxygen.

    Onboard Oxygen Generating Systems

    • OBOGS use compressed air and a sieve to separate oxygen needed for breathing.
    • Sieves are light and reduce the need for external oxygen supply.

    Oxygen Systems and Regulators

    • The type of oxygen system depends on the regulator type.
    • Continuous flow systems provide a constant oxygen supply.
    • Demand flow systems deliver oxygen based on user inhalation needs.

    Continuous Flow Systems

    • Oxygen leaves the storage tank, passing through a regulator and hose to the mask.
    • The flow continues even during exhalation.
    • Tank valve closure stops oxygen flow.

    Continuous Flow Systems (Components)

    • Many systems have fixed oxygen cylinders and permanent plumbing
    • Pressure relief valves are included
    • Blowout disks are green and are used for inspection and troubleshooting
    • Systems may have a gauge to measure remaining oxygen

    Oxygen Systems and Components (Altitude Adjustment)

    • Regulators can be adjusted manually or automatically to control oxygen output based on altitude changes.
    • Automatic systems use aneroid mechanisms that respond to altitude changes.

    Continuous Flow Systems (Operation)

    • Passengers have plug-in supply sockets and oxygen masks.
    • Depressurization triggers automatic oxygen mask deployments.
    • Rebreathers provide a more efficient use of oxygen from the storage tank

    Demand Flow Systems (Diluter)

    • Demand systems deliver oxygen based on the user's breathing need
    • A slight suction draws in oxygen based on user's inhaling.
    • Different oxygen metering ports deliver oxygen and air based on altitude

    Pressure Demand Oxygen System

    • Pressure-demand oxygen systems deliver oxygen at higher pressures than continuous systems.
    • Demand systems are used in high altitude aircraft.
    • Users can select 100% oxygen or normal flow using the selector switch.

    Oxygen Indicator

    • Flow indicators provide a visual indication of oxygen delivery.
    • They verify oxygen system functionality by blinking or some other form of visual feedback.

    Oxygen Systems Servicing — Gaseous Oxygen

    • Gaseous oxygen can be refilled using a ground cart.
    • Gaseous oxygen systems can be tested with a solution.
    • Leaks in the gaseous system are indicated by bubbles.

    Oxygen System Servicing (Safety)

    • Safety procedures are critical when working with oxygen.
    • Avoid combining oxygen with petroleum products.
    • Clean tools and equipment before use.
    • Avoid use of the aircraft electrical system.

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    Aircraft Systems Chapter 4.1 Oxygen PDF

    Description

    Explore the essential role of aircraft oxygen systems and their relationship with human respiration at high altitudes. This quiz covers the composition of the atmosphere, the necessity of oxygen for survival, and the impact of altitude on oxygen levels. Test your knowledge on how these systems work and their importance in aviation safety.

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