Agricultural infrastructure and planning

Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) of 1997

• This act is also known as Republic Act No. 8435
• Took place during Monday, July 28, 1997, Third Regular Session of the Tenth Congress

Declaration of Policy

• National economic goals include equitable distribution of opportunities, income, and wealth
• Sustainably increase the amounts of goods with expanding productivity to improve quality of life for all
• The State promotes industrialization and full employment through sound agricultural development and agrarian reform
• The State encourages private enterprises, corporations, cooperatives, and collective organizations to broaden their ownership
• The State policy enables those in agriculture and fisheries to participate in development and growth.
• Access to assets, income, basic support, services and infrastructure should be equitable
• Promotion of food security by the State ensures sufficient rice and white corn supply
• The State will use a market approach, recognizing agriculture and fisheries' contribution to food security, environmental protection, and urban-rural balance
• Encourage farmers to switch to more profitable crops through market-oriented policies
• The State empowers agriculture and fisheries sectors to develop sustainably

Principles for Developing Agriculture and Fisheries Sectors

• Poverty Alleviation and Social Equity: Provide poorer sectors equitable access to resources, income, and infrastructure.
• Food Security: Assure the availability, adequacy, accessibility, and affordability of food supplies at all times.
• Rational Use of Resources: Allocate public investment efficiently and effectively in agriculture and fisheries
• Global Competitiveness: Enhance the competitiveness of agriculture and fisheries in domestic and foreign markets
• Sustainable Development: Preserve ecosystems in areas where agriculture and fisheries are carried out
• People Empowerment: Enable citizen participation in policy formulation and decision-making through access to information
• Protection from Unfair Competition: Protect small farmers and fisherfolk from monopolistic practices through priority access to credit and strengthened cooperative systems

Objectives of RA 8435

• Modernizing agriculture and fisheries from resource-based to technology-based industries
• Enhance profits and incomes for small farmers and fisherfolk through equitable access and promotion of higher-value crops
• Ensure constant food accessibility, availability, and supply for everyone
• Encourage integration, consolidation, and expansion via cooperatives, associations, and consolidated farms for economies of scale
• Promote people empowerment via strengthening organizations for participation in government decision-making
• Pursue a market-driven approach to enhance the comparative advantage of agriculture and fisheries in the world market
• Induce agriculture and fisheries to ascend the value-added ladder through further processing to minimize marketing raw products
• Adopt policies to promote industry dispersal and rural industrialization by incentivizing investments with linkages to agriculture and fisheries.
• Provide social and economic adjustment measures to increase productivity and improve market efficiency
• Improve the quality of life for all sectors

Definition of Terms

• "Agrarian Reform Community" is a barangay or cluster of contiguous barangays with a critical mass of farmers that focuses on agrarian development and support services.
• "Agricultural Lands" are lands used for cultivation, crops, trees, livestock, poultry, fish, aquaculture, and related farm activities, excluding mineral, forest, residential, commercial, or industrial land.
• "Agricultural Land Use Conversion" is the process of changing agricultural land to non-agricultural uses.
• "Agricultural Sector" includes cultivation, planting, growing fruit trees, raising livestock, poultry or fish
• "Agricultural Mechanization" involves developing and applying appropriate, cost-effective technology for agricultural production and post-harvest operations
• "Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization" is the process of making these sectors dynamic, technologically advanced, and competitive, centering on human development and sustainability
• "Agro-Processing Activities" process raw agricultural and fishery products into semi-processed or finished goods
• "Banks" refers to government, private, rural, and cooperative banks
• "Basic Needs Approach to Development" means identifying, producing, and marketing goods and services for consumption in rural communities
• "Communal Irrigation System (CIS)" is managed by a bona fide Irrigators Association
• "Communal Advantage" refers to a competitive edge in product quality/price or ability to produce efficiently
• "Competitive Advantage" registered associations with common interests voluntarily combined
• "Department" means the Department of Agriculture
• "Economic Scale" relates to the efficiency through the relationship volume of goods required
• "Economic Scale" the unit decreases in unit cost as more units are reduced
• "Empowerment" means providing authority, responsibility, and information to those engaged in production to give them wider choices and enable benefits
• "Extension Services" involves training, information, and support to the agriculture and fisheries sectors
• "Farmer's/Fisherfolk's Organizations" are cooperatives, associations, or corporations registered with appropriate government and primarily of small agricultural producers
• "Farm to Market Road" connects agriculture and fisheries production sites
• "Fisheries" refers to interrelated activities includes production, growing harvesting processing marketing developing, conserving, and managing of all aquatic resources
• "Fisheries Sector" engaged in production, growing, harvesting, processing, marketing, developing, conserving, and managing of aquatic resources and fisheries areas.
• "Fisheries" various gear in catching fish and other fisheries products.
• "Fishing Grounds" means areas in any body of water where fish and other aquatic resources
• "Food Security" objective, plan meeting demands of Filipinos present and future to eat through local production, importation or both
• "Fresh Agricultural And Fishery Products" taken or captured directly from its natural state
• "Global Competitiveness" ability to compete in terms of price, quality and volume of products
• "Gross Value-Added" the total value to goods supplied by agricultural and fisheries sectors
• "Headworks" consist of the composite parts of the irrigation system that divert water
• "Industrial Dispersal" the encouragement given to manufacturing enterprises to establish their plants in rural areas
• "Irrigable Lands" lands which display marked characteristics for operation of an irrigation system
• "Irrigation System" consisting of contiguous areas
• "Irrigators Association (IA)" refers to an association of farmers within a contiguous area served by National Irrigation System
• "Land Use" refers to the manner of utilizing the land
• "Land Use Plan" refers to a document embodying a set of policies, maps
• "Land Use Planing" refers to the act of defining the allocation
• "Main Canal" channel where flows to the intended area to be irrigated
• "Market Infrastructure" - buildings, slaughterhouses, holding pens, warehouses
• "National Information Network (NIN)" links all offices and Departments
• "National Irrigation System (NIS" managed by the National
• "Network of Protected Areas for Agricultural and Agro-industrial Development (NPAAAD)" refers to agricultural areas identified by the Department through the Bureau of Soils and Water Management in coordination with the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
• "On-Farm Irrigation Facilities" - water to paddy areas consist of farm ditches
• "Primary Processing" - physical alteration with or without the use of mechanical facilities
• "Post-Harvest Activities" includes threshing, drying, milling, grading, storing, and handling of produce and such other activities as stripping, winnowing, chipping and washing.
• "Post-Harvest Facilities" threshers, moisture meters, dryers, weighing scales, milling equipment
• "Premature Conversion of Agricultural Land" development which modify to render suitable

First Title

• Production and Marketing Support Services
• Chapter 1

Strategic Agricultural and Fisheries Development Zones

• Section 5. Declaration of Policy
• Section 6. Network of Areas for Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Development
• Section 7. Model Farms
• Section 8. Mapping
• Section 9. Delineation of Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zones
• Section 10. Preparation of Land Use and Zoning Ordinance

Penalties and Watershed

• Section 11- Penalty for Agricultural Inactivity and Premature Conversion
• Section 12. Protection of Watershed Areas

Modernization Plan and Special Concerns

• Section 13. Agricultural and Fisheries Modernization Plan (AFMP)
• Section 14. Food Security, Poverty Alleviation, Social Equity and Income Enhancement
• Section 15. Global Competitiveness and Sustainability
• Section 16. Global Climate Change
• Section 17. Special Concerns

Monitoring and Evaluation

• Section 18. Monitoring and Evaluation
• Section 19. Role of Other Agencies
• Section 20. Declaration of Policy
• Section 21. Phase-out of the Directed Credit Programs (DCPs) and provision for the Agro-Industry Modernization Credit and Financing Program (AMCFP)
• Section 22. Coverage
• Section 23. Scope of the Agro-Industry Modernization Credit and Financing Program (AMCFP)

Mandates Review

• Section 24. Review of the mandates of Land Bank of the Philippines, Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation, Guarantee Fund for Small and Medium Enterprises, Quedan and Rural Credit Guarantee Corporation, Agricultural Credit Policy Council
• Section 25. Rationalization of Credit Guarantee Schemes and Funds

Irrigation and Water

• Section 26. Declaration of Policy
• Section 27. Research and Development
• Section 28. Criteria for Selection of Irrigation Development Scheme
• Section 29. Simplified Public Bidding
• Section 30. National Irrigation Systems (NIS)
• Section 31. Communal Irrigation Systems (CIS)
• Section 32. Minor Irrigation Schemes
• Section 33. Other Irrigation Construction Schemes
• Section 34. Guarantee of the National Government
• Section 35. Irrigation Service Fees (ISF)
• Section 36. Monitoring and Evaluation
• Section 37. Exemption from Election Ban

Information Support Service

• Section 38. Declaration of Policy
• Section 39. Coverage
• Section 40. The Marketing Assistance System
• Section 41. National Information Network
• Section 42. Information and Marketing Service
• Section 43. Initial Set-up
• Section 44. Role of Government Agencies
• Section 45. Role of Private Sector

Infrastructure and Public Facilities

• Section 46. Agriculture and Fisheries Infrastructure Support Services
• Section 47. Criteria for Prioritization
• Section 48. Public Infrastructure Facilities
• Section 49. Private Infrastructure Facilities
• Section 50. Public Works Act
• Section 51. Fishports, Seaports and Airports
• Section 52. Farm-to-Market Roads
• Section 53. Rural Energy
• Section 54. Communications Infrastructure
• Section 55. Water Supply System
• Section 56. Research and Technology Infrastructure
• Section 57. Post-Harvest Facilities
• Section 58. Public Market and Abattoirs
• Section 59. Agricultural Machinery

Product Standards

• Section 60. Declaration of Policy
• Section 61. Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Product Standards
• Section 62. Coverage
• Section 63. Powers and Functions
• Section 64. Poll of Experts and Advisers

Resource Development

-Section 65. Declaration of Policy

• Section 66. National Agriculture and Fisheries Education System (NAFES)
• Section 67. Education Program for Elementary and Secondary Levels
• Section 68. Post-Secondary Education Program
• Section 69. Network of National Centers of Excellence for Tertiary Education
• Section 70. Rationalization Plan
• Section 71. Counterpart Funding from LGUs
• Section 72. National Integrated Human Resource Development Plan in Agriculture and Fisheries
• Section 73. Output-Oriented Performance Standards
• Section 74. Evaluation System
• Section 75. Agriculture and Fisheries Board
• Section 76. Continuing Agriculture and Fisheries Education Program
• Section 77. Scholarship Program
• Section 78. Merit System
• Section 79. Budgetary Allocation Scheme

Research and Development

• Section 80. Declaration of Policy
• Section 81. The National Research and Development System in Agriculture and Fisheries
• Section 82. Special Concerns in Agriculture and Fisheries Research Services
• Section 83. Funds for Research and Development
• Section 84. Excellence and Accountability in Research and Development
• Section 85. Communication of Research Results and Research-Extension Linkage

Extension Services System

• Section 86. Declaration of Policy
• Section 87. Extension Services
• Section 88. Special Concerns in the Delivery of Extension Services
• Section 89. The National Extension System for Agriculture and Fisheries (NESAF)
• Section 90. The Role of Local Government Units
• Section 91. Role of the Private Sector in Extension
• Section 92. The Role of Government Agencies
• Section 93. Funding for Extension Activities
• Section 94. Excellence and Accountability in Extension
• Section 95. Extension Communication Support for LGUs

Rural Employment

• Section 96. Declaration of Policy
• Section 97. Objectives
• Section 98. Principles
• Section 99. Participation of Government Agencies
• Section 100. Principles
• Section 101. Role of Government Agencies
• Section 102. Participating Enterprises
• Section 103. Financing
• Section 104. Role of TESDA
• Section 105. Role of the DENR
• Section 106. Role of the Technology and Livelihood Resource Center (TLRC)
• Section 107. Special Training Projects for Women

Fiscal Incentives

• Section 108. Taxation Policies must not deter activities
• Section 109. All enterprises engaged in agriculture and fisheries are certified by the Department in consultation with the Department of Finance

General Appropriation

• Section 110. Circumventing Provisons can cause loss of capital
• Section 111. Initial Appropriation
• Section 112. Continuing Appropriation
• Section 113. Implementing Rules and Regulations
• Section 114. Congressional Oversight Committee on Agricultural and Fisheries Modernization
• Section 115. Powers and Functions of the Committee
• Section 116. Periodic Reports
• Section 117. Automatic Review
• Section 118. Repealing Clause
• Section 119. Separability Clause
• Section 120. Effectivity

This lesson covers key concepts in agricultural infrastructure and planning. It explores the roles of irrigation systems, land use planning, and market infrastructure. It differentiates between irrigable and irrigated lands and defines farmer organizations.