32 Questions
What is the primary goal of hostile aggression?
To harm another person
What hormone is involved in male aggression, but with a modest link?
Testosterone
According to the dual-hormone hypothesis, when does testosterone lead to aggression?
Only when there is a potential to dominate
What is the goal of instrumental aggression?
To inflict harm as a means to some other end
What do evolutionary psychologists argue is the reason for aggression in men?
To perpetuate their genes
Which of the following animals exhibits substantial variation in aggressiveness, similar to humans?
Chimpanzees and bonobos
What is a consequence of venting anger directly towards someone who has insulted or angered you?
It increases feelings of anger and acts of aggression.
What is a more constructive way to deal with anger?
Cooling off and communicating feelings in a clear way.
Why does venting anger often lead to more harm than good?
Because it increases blood pressure, feelings of anger, and acts of aggression.
What is the most significant risk factor for teenage suicide, despair, and violence?
Social rejection.
How can bullying and violence in schools be reduced?
Through awareness, empathy training, and bullying-reduction programs.
What is a benefit of taking responsibility for acts that anger others?
It promotes understanding and empathy.
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing the expression of aggression?
Age factors
What is a characteristic of cooperative, collectivist cultures?
Low levels of aggression
In which cultures are men raised to respond aggressively to perceptions of threat and disrespect?
Cultures of honor
What is a factor that reduces gender differences in physical aggression?
Provocation
What is a type of aggression that is more common in girls and women?
Relational aggression
What is a physiological influence that can increase aggressive behavior?
All of the above
What is the theory that states that frustration can increase the probability of an aggressive response?
Frustration-aggression theory
Which of the following is a situational factor that can lead to aggression?
Relative deprivation
What is a reason why individuals frequently aggress to reciprocate the aggressive behavior of others?
To reciprocate the aggressive behavior
What is the phenomenon where people expect alcohol to have certain effects, and it often does?
The think-drink effect
What is the effect of observing violence on an individual's behavior?
It increases aggressive behavior
What is the role of punishment in reducing aggression?
It models aggressive behavior to children
What is the effect of dehumanizing victims on empathy?
It creates psychological distance between the perpetrator and the victims
What is the relationship between media violence and actual aggression?
The relationship is two-way, with already aggressive individuals seeking out aggressive media
What is the effect of watching violent pornography on attitudes towards women?
It increases acceptance of sexual violence towards women, especially in men with hostile attitudes
What is the effect of playing violent video games on individuals?
It increases hostile feelings and aggressive behavior
Why does punishment often fail to reduce aggression?
Because it is not prompt or certain
What is the effect of compassion collapse on empathy?
It reduces empathy towards multiple victims
What is the effect of the presence of a gun on aggressive behavior?
It increases aggressive behavior, especially in angry or frustrated individuals
What is the effect of observing violence on perception of danger?
It increases perception of danger
Explore the different explanations of aggression, including evolutionary, cultural, and learning perspectives. Understand the various forms of aggression, such as hostile and instrumental aggression. Quiz yourself on the theories behind human aggression!
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