Aggression: Definitions and Theories -- Chapter 12 Part 1 -- Quiz on Classroom Slides
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between hostile aggression and instrumental aggression?

  • Hostile aggression stems from feelings of anger, whereas instrumental aggression is aimed at achieving a specific goal. (correct)
  • Hostile aggression is a learned behavior, whereas instrumental aggression is an innate behavior.
  • Hostile aggression is aimed at causing physical pain, whereas instrumental aggression is aimed at causing psychological pain.
  • Instrumental aggression is a response to frustration, whereas hostile aggression is a response to a perceived threat.

    • According to the Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis, what increases the probability of an aggressive response?

  • The perception of a threat to self.
  • The perception that one is being prevented from obtaining a goal. (correct)
  • The experience of physical pain.
  • The presence of a weapon.

    • What is the term for the tendency of weapons to enhance aggressive thoughts, feelings, and actions?

  • The Social Learning Theory
  • The Catharsis Hypothesis
  • The Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
  • The Weapons Effect (correct)

    • What is the name of the theory that suggests that people learn aggressive behaviors through observing and imitating others?

    <p>The Social Learning Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for aggression that is aimed at inflicting physical or psychological pain?

    <p>Hostile aggression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the idea that engaging in a violent activity can reduce aggressive feelings and behaviors?

    <p>The Catharsis Hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aggression

    • Intentional behavior aimed at causing physical or psychological pain
    • Two types of aggression:
      • Hostile aggression: stemming from feelings of anger, aimed at inflicting pain
      • Instrumental aggression: as a means to a goal other than causing pain

    Theories of Aggression

    • Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis (Dollard, 1939): perceived obstacles to achieving a goal increase the likelihood of an aggressive response
    • Reformulated Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis:
      • Unpleasant environmental factors (heat, cold, noise, crowding, noxious odors) can increase anger and aggression
      • Threats to self can also lead to anger and aggression

    Cues to Aggression

    • Weapons Effect (Berkowitz & LePage, 1967): the presence of weapons can enhance aggressive thoughts, feelings, and actions
    • Study results: associated weapons increased aggressive responses, while unassociated weapons and no objects had weaker effects

    Instrumental Aggression

    • Social Learning Theory (Bandura): observational learning, imitation, and modeling contribute to aggressive behavior
    • Implications for catharsis: observing aggression can increase aggressive behavior, rather than reducing it

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    Description

    Test your understanding of aggression, including its definitions, types, and theories. Learn about hostile and instrumental aggression, and how social situations can influence aggressive behavior.

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