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Questions and Answers
What were the primary motives behind the expansion during the Age of Exploration?
What were the primary motives behind the expansion during the Age of Exploration?
Which European power was the first to sponsor voyages of exploration?
Which European power was the first to sponsor voyages of exploration?
What navigational tool was NOT mentioned as a development encouraging exploration?
What navigational tool was NOT mentioned as a development encouraging exploration?
Who was the sea captain from Genoa that Spain hoped would achieve exploration goals?
Who was the sea captain from Genoa that Spain hoped would achieve exploration goals?
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Which company was responsible for monopolizing almost all Asian trade during its time?
Which company was responsible for monopolizing almost all Asian trade during its time?
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What was the original name given to the southern tip of the African continent by Bartholomew Dias?
What was the original name given to the southern tip of the African continent by Bartholomew Dias?
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Which factor was NOT a motivation for European nations to explore during the Age of Exploration?
Which factor was NOT a motivation for European nations to explore during the Age of Exploration?
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What area was targeted by Portugal to expand their power during their exploration efforts?
What area was targeted by Portugal to expand their power during their exploration efforts?
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Study Notes
Age of Exploration
- Occurred between 1450 and 1750
- Portuguese and Spanish sailors led global exploration.
- Exploration revealed two continents in the Western Hemisphere.
Factors Encouraging Exploration
- Desire for trade routes to Asia
- Spread of Christianity
- Advances of the Renaissance
- Navigational improvements (compass, astrolabe, quadrant)
- Summary: The motives were "God, Gold, and Glory"
Portuguese Exploration
- First European nation to sponsor voyages of exploration
- Led by Prince Henry the Navigator
- Focused on West Africa to expand their power
- Established trading posts, plantations, and sold services and goods
- Created a school of navigation to educate navigators on basic world exploration concepts
A Route to India
- Portuguese discovered a route to India.
- Bartholomew Dias rounded the southern tip of Africa.
- Dias' discovery of the Indian Ocean encouraged further explorations.
- Vasco da Gama sailed to the coast of East Africa.
- Cape of Storms- Dias named the southern tip
- Cape of Good Hope - Name changed by the King due to his excitement for the news
A Westward Voyage of Spain
- Spain was jealous of Portugal's success
- Christopher Columbus, a Genoese sea captain, was hired by Spain to embark on a westward voyage.
Dutch Companies
- Dutch East India Company: Established through a Dutch charter. Controlled all ports and monopolized Asian trade.
- Dutch West India Company: Controlled significant slave trade in the Atlantic and Caribbean; protected a monopoly in pepper and spices; controlled Asia for centuries.
French in North America
- King Francis I sent exploration expeditions
- Jacques Cartier reached the St. Lawrence River, claiming land for France, forming New France
- Samuel de Champlain established Quebec, the first permanent French colony.
- La Salle claimed the Mississippi Valley for France, naming it Louisiana.
New Discoveries
- Europeans encountered new lands and peoples
- Global trade expanded rapidly
- A lot of goods and silver were shipped back to Europe from the colonies
- The Commercial Revolution: New business methods; increased prices; rise of modern capitalism
- Age of Exploration broadened knowledge of plants and animals; significantly impacted sociology.
Valuing Exploration
- (A prompt to answer: how did European voyages benefit the world)
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Description
Explore the Age of Exploration, a period from 1450 to 1750 characterized by Portuguese and Spanish sailors charting new territories. Understand the motivations, advancements, and significant figures like Prince Henry the Navigator that drove this era of global exploration.
