L4 MCQ Adverse Drug Reactions and Drug Poisoning Quiz

Which of the following is true about plasma binding in neonates?

Plasma binding is increased in neonates.
Plasma binding is not relevant in neonates.
Plasma binding is reduced in neonates. (correct)
Plasma binding is the same in neonates as in adults.

Which of the following drugs may cause conjugation deficiency in some neonates?

Adrenaline
Chloramphenicol (correct)
Chlorpheniramine
Corticosteroids

How are all aspects of renal function at birth?

All aspects of renal function are increased at birth.
All aspects of renal function are reduced at birth. (correct)
All aspects of renal function are the same at birth as in adults.
All aspects of renal function are not relevant at birth.

Which of the following is true about drugs in breast milk?

A number of drugs are absolutely contraindicated while the mother is breastfeeding. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first sign of drug hypersensitivity in some cases?

Pruritus (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common type of drug-induced skin reaction?

Erythematous eruptions (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for 'hives' or 'nettle rash'?

Urticaria (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the life-threatening reaction characterized by hypotension, urticaria, and erythema of the face and neck?

Anaphylactic shock (C) Signup and view all the answers

What substances are released during anaphylactic shock?

Histamine (C) Signup and view all the answers

How should anaphylactic shock be treated?

Adrenaline, chlorpheniramine, corticosteroids (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key objective of this lecture?

To identify adverse drug reactions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between drug dose and harmful effects?

The relationship between drug dose and harmful effects depends on the specific drug (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of post-marketing surveillance?

To gather comprehensive safety data about a drug (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of pharmacovigilance?

Spontaneous adverse event reporting cards (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the quote 'All substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison and a remedy'?

It explains the concept of dose-response relationship (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is post-marketing data important for drug safety?

It provides comprehensive safety data about a drug (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of meta-analyses in pharmacovigilance?

To gather comprehensive safety data about a drug (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of MEDWatch in pharmacovigilance?

To report spontaneous adverse events (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are pre-marketing trials often not representative of the general patient population?

They have stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of clinical trials?

Assessing therapeutic effects (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Type A adverse drug reactions?

They are dose-related. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of randomized controlled trials?

To compare the efficacy of different drugs. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the FDA category for a drug that has no evidence of risk in humans but positive findings in animal studies?

Category B (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the number needed to treat (NNT)?

The number of patients who need to be treated to show a given effect. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which drug was voluntarily withdrawn from the market in 2001 due to severe adverse muscle reactions and death?

Cerustatin (Baycol) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of case-control studies?

To determine the association between an adverse drug reaction and drug exposure. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Phase IV intervention studies?

To assess the safety of a drug. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of data bank comparisons?

To compare the efficacy of different drugs. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of LD50/ED50 ratio?

To determine the therapeutic index of a drug. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of teratogenic risk minimization strategies?

To minimize the risk of birth defects caused by drug exposure during pregnancy. (A) Signup and view all the answers