Advancements in Genetic Engineering and Biochemistry

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What major breakthrough has contributed to the possibility of gene therapy for genetically determined diseases?

Invention of the microscope

Advances in genomics

Discovery of penicillin

Development of DNA recombinant technology (correct)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential application of gene therapy?

Producing human insulin (correct)

Silencing genes using RNA interference

Treating AIDS

Curing cancer

What approach is mentioned for creating transgenic animals in the text?

Cloning entire animals

Gene targeting of embryonic stem cells (correct)

Chemical synthesis of animals

Cross-breeding of different species

What is the likely role of 'designer medicine' as discussed in the text?

Customizing treatments based on genetic information Signup and view all the answers

Which area of study has been crucial in opening up new possibilities for treating diseases like cancer and AIDS?

Biotechnology Signup and view all the answers

What is the major constituent of the bacterial cell wall that provides mechanical strength to the plasma membrane?

N-acetyl muramic acid (NAM) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of transmembrane proteins in the cell membrane?

Serving as receptors, ion channels, and enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature distinguishes animal cells from bacterial cells?

Presence of a cell wall Signup and view all the answers

Which specialized membrane structure is implicated in the loss of contact inhibition in cancer cells?

Tight junction Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of covalent lipid attachments found in lipoproteins associated with membranes?

Isoprenoids, fatty acids, and glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI) Signup and view all the answers

How are peripheral membrane proteins attached to the lipid bilayer?

Ionic and polar bonds to polar heads of lipids Signup and view all the answers

Which type of linkage is involved in anchoring proteins to lipid bilayers via phosphatidyl inositol?

Glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchor Signup and view all the answers

What components make up the glycan chain linked to the C-terminus of a protein in the GPI anchor?

Ethanolamine, phosphate, and carbohydrate residues Signup and view all the answers

How are peripheral membrane proteins firmly anchored to membranes?

Through insertion of lipids into the hydrophobic core Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid type is involved in anchoring proteins through covalent linkage with membrane lipids?

Phosphatidyl inositol Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of abnormalities in specific fission and fusion proteins?

Development of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Signup and view all the answers

In what condition would mitochondrial particles released from damaged tissue evoke an immune response?

When the particles are antigenic Signup and view all the answers

How does the plasma membrane influence cellular metabolism according to the text?

By regulating entry and exit of compounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the plasma membrane in relation to the external environment?

Regulating entry and exit of compounds Signup and view all the answers

How does the membrane contribute to cellular activities?

By being metabolically very active Signup and view all the answers

What improvement was introduced in the Third edition of the textbook?

Color printing Signup and view all the answers

In which edition were the facts presented in small paragraphs to aid memory?

Fifth edition Signup and view all the answers

How many figures are approximately included in the Seventh edition of the textbook?

1000 figures Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the textbook's content was improved in the Sixth edition?

Number of figures Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the textbook made it more student-friendly according to the text?

Presentation of facts in small paragraphs Signup and view all the answers

What feature distinguishes the Seventh edition as an 'illustrated textbook' according to the text?

Inclusion of 1100 figures, 230 tables, and 200 boxes Signup and view all the answers