Advancements in Genetic Engineering and Biochemistry
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Questions and Answers

What major breakthrough has contributed to the possibility of gene therapy for genetically determined diseases?

  • Invention of the microscope
  • Advances in genomics
  • Discovery of penicillin
  • Development of DNA recombinant technology (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential application of gene therapy?

  • Producing human insulin (correct)
  • Silencing genes using RNA interference
  • Treating AIDS
  • Curing cancer

    • What approach is mentioned for creating transgenic animals in the text?

  • Cloning entire animals
  • Gene targeting of embryonic stem cells (correct)
  • Chemical synthesis of animals
  • Cross-breeding of different species

    • What is the likely role of 'designer medicine' as discussed in the text?

    <p>Customizing treatments based on genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of study has been crucial in opening up new possibilities for treating diseases like cancer and AIDS?

    <p>Biotechnology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major constituent of the bacterial cell wall that provides mechanical strength to the plasma membrane?

    <p>N-acetyl muramic acid (NAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transmembrane proteins in the cell membrane?

    <p>Serving as receptors, ion channels, and enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature distinguishes animal cells from bacterial cells?

    <p>Presence of a cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specialized membrane structure is implicated in the loss of contact inhibition in cancer cells?

    <p>Tight junction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of covalent lipid attachments found in lipoproteins associated with membranes?

    <p>Isoprenoids, fatty acids, and glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are peripheral membrane proteins attached to the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Ionic and polar bonds to polar heads of lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of linkage is involved in anchoring proteins to lipid bilayers via phosphatidyl inositol?

    <p>Glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components make up the glycan chain linked to the C-terminus of a protein in the GPI anchor?

    <p>Ethanolamine, phosphate, and carbohydrate residues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are peripheral membrane proteins firmly anchored to membranes?

    <p>Through insertion of lipids into the hydrophobic core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid type is involved in anchoring proteins through covalent linkage with membrane lipids?

    <p>Phosphatidyl inositol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of abnormalities in specific fission and fusion proteins?

    <p>Development of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what condition would mitochondrial particles released from damaged tissue evoke an immune response?

    <p>When the particles are antigenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the plasma membrane influence cellular metabolism according to the text?

    <p>By regulating entry and exit of compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the plasma membrane in relation to the external environment?

    <p>Regulating entry and exit of compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the membrane contribute to cellular activities?

    <p>By being metabolically very active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What improvement was introduced in the Third edition of the textbook?

    <p>Color printing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which edition were the facts presented in small paragraphs to aid memory?

    <p>Fifth edition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many figures are approximately included in the Seventh edition of the textbook?

    <p>1000 figures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of the textbook's content was improved in the Sixth edition?

    <p>Number of figures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the textbook made it more student-friendly according to the text?

    <p>Presentation of facts in small paragraphs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes the Seventh edition as an 'illustrated textbook' according to the text?

    <p>Inclusion of 1100 figures, 230 tables, and 200 boxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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