Advanced Skills VNSG 2431 Exam 1

Study Notes

Advanced Skills VNSG 2431 Exam 1

Topic 1: Identify best sources of Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, and Magnesium (knowing which foods have the most).
Topic 2: Apply steps healthcare professionals must take when blood or body fluids are contaminated.
Topic 3: Identify IV fluid types (Hypertonic, Hypotonic, Isotonic, Colloids) and their tonicity (Table in Engage).
Topic 4: Apply common IV fluids used for Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia, and Hypernatremia.
Topic 5: Analyze clinical manifestations of various transfusion reactions when blood is administered. Understand immediate and delayed reactions (timeframe).
Topic 6: Implement nursing steps and patient care for a patient receiving a blood transfusion.
Topic 7: Implement nursing actions for a client experiencing a transfusion (with LVN scope of practice) - know symptoms of each reaction type to implement correct interventions.
Topic 8: Understand LVN scope of practice for initiation of blood transfusions.
Topic 9: Understand common blood types (universal donor and recipient).
Topic 10: Apply steps of the skill: IV insertion (including all equipment used).
Topic 11: Remember dietary sources when replacing electrolytes.
Topic 12: Remember normal values for BUN/Creatinine, Specific Gravity, components of BMP (K+, NA, Ca, Mg), components of a CBC (WBC, H&H, PLT, and RBC).
Topic 13 (Page 2): Understand what a CBC with differential is.
Topic 14 (Page 2): Analyze common diseases and other factors that cause abnormal values (high or low) in blood tests (Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia, etc.). Implement nursing interventions for all conditions.
Topic 15 (Page 2): Understand electrolyte imbalances causing poor skin turgor (also called Skin Tenting).
Topic 16 (Page 2): Remember clinical manifestations of Hypovolemia and Hypervolemia.
Topic 17 (Page 2): Remember what Ketoacidosis is.
Topic 18 (Page 2): Analyze Clinical Manifestations of Ketoacidosis.
Topic 19 (Page 2): Understand Normal PH and its value for alkalosis and acidosis.
Topic 20 (Page 2): Remember normal client intake and output amounts.
Topic 21 (Page 2): Analyze Arterial Blood gas analysis (ABG) and identify type of imbalance (Respiratory Alkalosis, Respiratory Acidosis, Metabolic Alkalosis, Metabolic Acidosis).
Topic 22 (Page 2): Analyze clinical manifestations for each type of imbalance related to ABGs.
Topic 23 (Page 2): Understand medications that can specifically cause a decrease or increase in electrolyte values.
Topic 24 (Page 2): Analyze procedures, diseases, and medications altering the acid-base balance.
Topic 25 (Page 3): Understand types of medications requiring an IV pump during infusion.
Topic 26 (Page 3): Analyze clinical manifestations of Phlebitis, Infiltration, and infection with a peripheral IV.
Topic 27 (Page 3): Implement nursing interventions for Phlebitis, Infiltration, and infection with a peripheral IV.
Topic 28 (Page 3): Understand the steps of the nursing process (order).
Topic 29 (Page 3): Understand Osmosis, Diffusion, and Active Transport (know ATP).
Topic 30 (Page 3): Understand the functions of water in the body.
Topic 31 (Page 3): Identify how patients take in and put out fluids.
Topic 32 (Page 3): Understand why older clients and children are prone to fluid imbalances.
Topic 33 (Page 3): Understand the risks of IV therapy.
Topic 34 (Page 3): Understand types of IV tubings and their uses/when to change.
Topic 35 (Page 3): Understand differences between whole blood, PRBCs, and platelets.
Topic 36 (Page 3): Remember what granulocytes, erythrocytes, and thrombocytes are.
Topic 37 (Page 3): Understand antigens in blood and RH factor.
Topic 38 (Page 4): Identify blood types considered Universal Donor and Universal Recipient.
Topic 39 (Page 4): Understand different types of central lines and complications.
Topic 40 (Page 4): Implement nursing interventions for patients exhibiting signs of air embolism and other complications (from ATI).
Topic 41 (Page 4): Understand nursing care for patients with a central line and LVN scope of practice.