COPY: Adrenal Gland Pt 1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which region of the adrenal gland produces mineralocorticoids?

  • Zona glomerulosa (correct)
  • Zona fasciculata
  • Adrenal medulla
  • Zona reticularis
  • What is the primary function of the adrenal medulla?

  • Maintain blood pressure
  • Produce glucocorticoids
  • Produce catecholamines (correct)
  • Produce androgens
  • What is the main function of corticoid binding globulin (CBG)?

  • Aid in cholesterol conversion
  • Facilitate steroid hormone synthesis
  • Transport cortisol and aldosterone (correct)
  • Serve as a transport protein for hydrophilic steroids
  • Which step of steroidogenesis limits the rate of adrenocortical hormone synthesis?

    <p>ACTH regulation of cholesterol conversion into pregnenolone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are steroid hormones transported in the bloodstream?

    <p>They require transport proteins like CBG or albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does cholesterol conversion into pregnenolone occur during steroidogenesis?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of aldosterone in the bloodstream is unbound (in a free state)?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do androgens primarily interact with cell receptors?

    <p>Bind to cell surface receptors for rapid response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs after cholesterol travels into the blood using an LDL in steroidogenesis?

    <p>Cholesterol enters cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone regulates the step of cholesterol conversion into pregnenolone within the mitochondria?

    <p>ACTH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of aldosterone on the distal tubules of the kidneys?

    <p>Active reabsorption of sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating arteriole constriction and increasing blood pressure?

    <p>Angiotensin 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of aldosterone on potassium in the kidney's distal tubules?

    <p>Active secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens right after aldosterone's binding to cytoplasmic receptors stimulates transcription within the nucleus of the kidney's distal tubules?

    <p>New protein channels and pumps are synthesized (made)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of angiotensin 2 on the neurohypophysis?

    <p>Stimulates the secretion of ADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does aldosterone affect the blood-potassium levels?

    <p>Decreases blood-potassium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stimulated by aldosterone binding to cytoplasmic receptors in the kidneys?

    <p>Transcription within the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does angiotensin 2 affect blood pressure?

    <p>Increases blood pressure by constricting arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates renin secretion during RAAS pathway?

    <p>Low sodium concentrations in filtrate and low blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After the neurohypophysis is stimulated by angiotensin 2 to secrete ADH, what does ADH stimulate?

    <p>Increased water reabsorption from collecting ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about aldosterone is correct?

    <p>It is a primary corticosteroid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is responsible for the metabolism and excretion of steroid hormones?

    <p>Conjugation to glucuronide and sulfate in the liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a factor that stimulates aldosterone secretion that works independently of RAAS?

    <p>High potassium concentration in the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which of the following is the correct sequence of events?

    <p>Angiotensinogen -&gt; Renin -&gt; Angiotensin 1 -&gt; ACE -&gt; Angiotensin 2 -&gt; Aldosterone secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of angiotensin 2 in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is correct?

    <p>It stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the regulation of aldosterone secretion is correct?

    <p>High potassium levels (hyperkalemia) stimulate aldosterone secretion independently of the RAAS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of ACE inhibitors is correct?

    <p>ACE inhibitors decrease blood pressure by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the clearance half-life of steroid hormones is correct?

    <p>The clearance half-life of aldosterone is approximately 20 minutes, and the clearance half-life of cortisol is approximately 60 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cortex region of the adrenal gland include?

    <p>Zona glomerulosa, Zona fasciculata, Zona reticularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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