18 Questions
Which layer of the adrenal cortex is the principal source of mineralocorticoids?
Zona glomerulosa
What is the primary site of glucocorticoid synthesis in the adrenal cortex?
Zona fasciculata
Which adrenal cortex layer produces weak androgens like androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone?
Zona reticularis
Which hormone is the principal glucocorticoid synthesized by the adrenal cortex?
Cortisol
Which of the following hormones inhibits the secretion of ACTH?
Cortisol
When is the highest plasma level of cortisol typically observed?
In the early morning
What type of deficiency can lead to hyponatremia due to increased renal sodium loss?
Mineralocorticoid deficiency
Which enzyme assay is typically used to measure plasma renin concentration (PRC)?
Immunoassay
What is the principal adrenal androgen involved in the production of potent androgens and estrogens?
DHEA
Excessive levels of androgens can lead to what condition?
Virilization
Which hormone is primarily produced by the adrenal medulla?
Epinephrine
What is the precursor of androgens that includes DHEA and DHEA-S?
DHT
What is the best method for PTH measurement?
Using antibodies that detect both the amino-terminal fragment and intact PTH
Why do PTH concentrations differ even when the same generation assay is used?
Due to differences in the detection of PTH fragments by assay-specific antibodies
What is a candidate reference method for PTH assay?
Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
Where is the adrenal medulla located?
Inner region of the adrenal gland
What is the basic structure found in cortical hormones?
Cyclopentanperhydrophenant (CP) ring
What synthesizes cortical hormones from LDL?
Only G cells
Test your knowledge on the 3 layers of the adrenal cortex and how adrenal glucocorticoids, androgens, mineralocorticoids are regulated by ACTH, CRH, and the renin-angiotensin system.
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