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Adrenal Cortex Hormone Biosynthesis

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Questions and Answers

Where is aldosterone exclusively synthesized?

Zona fasciculata
Z.Glomerulosa (correct)
Adrenal medulla
Zona reticularis

What is the function of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)?

To synthesize aldosterone
To regulate cortisol production
To carry cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane (correct)
To convert cholesterol to pregnenolone

What is the rate-limiting step in steroid hormone biosynthesis?

The synthesis of cortisol
The hydroxylation at the 17-alpha position
The conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone
The cleavage of the side chain of cholesterol by cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (correct)

What is the common precursor for all other steroids?

Pregnenolone (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of aldosterone?

To promote sodium retention and potassium elimination by the kidney (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary regulator of electrolyte balance and extracellular fluid volume?

Aldosterone (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the resulting problem in Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Conn’s syndrome)?

Hypertension and edema (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stimulus for aldosterone secretion?

Angiotensin II (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring plasma aldosterone/renin ratio?

To screen for excessive aldosterone secretion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glucocorticoid receptors?

Regulate gene transcription (A) Signup and view all the answers