Adenovirus Structure and Replication

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What is the approximate length of the adenovirus DNA?

36 Kb (correct)
50 Kb
18 Kb
60 Kb

How many serotypes of adenovirus are associated with human disease?

30
40
60
52 (correct)

What is the name of the drug used to treat severe cases of adenovirus infection?

Interferon
Ribavirin
Cidofovir (correct)
Acyclovir

What is the route of administration of the live attenuated adenovirus vaccine?

Oral (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate size of the papillomavirus particle?

50-55 nm (B) Signup and view all the answers

How is human papillomavirus typically transmitted?

Through direct contact or contaminated fomites (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)?

Through direct contact or contaminated fomites (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical incubation period for warts to appear after HPV infection?

Up to 3 months (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of replication for Human Papillomavirus (HPV)?

Epithelial tissue (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Pap smear test?

To detect abnormal cervical cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the high-risk serotype associated with cervical cancer?

HPV-16 and HPV-18 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of partial integration of the HPV genome?

High expression of the E6 and E7 genes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most serious complication of measles?

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of flat plantar warts?

Deep, possibly painful wart on soles of feet (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated rate of measles vaccination in the US?

~92% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical manifestation of HPV infection in children?

Laryngeal papillomas (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment option for warts?

Chemical applications and physical removal (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) serotype is more often associated with bronchiolitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia?

3 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of children who have antibodies against HPIV-3 by age 5?

75% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the seroprevalence of HPV in the population?

85% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reservoir of the mumps virus?

Humans (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated reduction in mumps incidence in the US after vaccination?

99% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections among young children in the US?

RSV (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the portal of entry for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection?

Nose (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for high-risk infants to prevent RSV infection?

Synagis (C) Signup and view all the answers

In what year were two new vaccines approved for 60+ adults to prevent RSV infection?

2023 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Neuraminidase protein in the influenza virus?

Hydrolyzes mucus and facilitates virus movement through mucin layer (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why annual vaccination is necessary for influenza?

To combat the constant genetic changes in the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of people who can be asymptomatic carriers of influenza based on serology?

70% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between influenza A and influenza B?

Influenza A undergoes antigenic shift, while influenza B does not (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Hemagglutinin protein in the influenza virus?

Facilitates binding to host cells and fusion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period of influenza?

1-5 days (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the HPV vaccine that protects against 9 subtypes?

Gardasil 9 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the complication of influenza that accounts for approximately 25% of mortality?

Pneumonia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of RNA segments in the influenza C virus?

7 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Influenza B and Influenza C?

Influenza B only undergoes antigenic drift (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reservoir of influenza A?

Birds (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Xofluza?

Inhibits the endonuclease activity of the PA protein (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range for which Flu Mist is not recommended?

Adults over 49 years (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary replication site of the Measles virus?

Respiratory tract (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the PA protein in Influenza replication?

To facilitate 'cap stealing' during mRNA synthesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic rash of Measles caused by?

T cells targeting measles-infected endothelial cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Traditional and Flucelvax vaccines?

Flucelvax is produced in tissue culture and lacks egg antigen, while Traditional is produced in eggs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Zanamivir and Tamiflu in Flu treatment?

To inhibit the activity of Neuraminidase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of Paramyxovirus Replication?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers