Adenovirus: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment

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Which of the following viruses is characterized by a prolonged incubation period often lasting years, during which the virus continues to replicate without causing disease?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

JC virus (Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy) (correct)

Which of the following statements about HIV is correct?

HIV primarily spreads through respiratory droplets.

HIV is classified as a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus.

HIV treatment involves a combination of at least three drugs from two different classes of antiretrovirals. (correct)

HIV infection is typically diagnosed using a single rapid diagnostic test.

Which of the following viruses is characterized by chronic infection and may have flare-up disease periods with continued shedding and infectiousness?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) (correct)

Adenovirus

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

JC virus (Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy)

Which of the following statements about viral diagnostics is correct?

User-friendly sample collection and distribution methods are important considerations for viral diagnostics. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viruses is primarily transmitted through close contact, such as kissing?

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viral infections is characterized by a latent phase, during which the virus persists lifelong in the host without causing disease or significant replication?

Herpes virus infection (e.g., HSV, VZV) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a non-specific (innate) component of the immune response against adenovirus infections?

Natural killer (NK) cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enveloped viruses?

They are icosahedral in shape Signup and view all the answers

What type of virus is the adenovirus based on the Baltimore classification?

Double-stranded DNA virus Signup and view all the answers

According to the Baltimore classification, which group includes retroviruses like HIV?

Group VI - RT-RNA viruses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diagnostic techniques is known for its high degree of sensitivity and specificity in detecting viral infections?

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of viral transmission?

Exposure to cosmic radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment strategy for most adenovirus infections, according to the given information?

Symptomatic management Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a viral infection that is present but does not cause any symptoms?

Inapparent infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a specific (acquired) component of the immune response against adenovirus infections?

Neutralizing antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diagnostic methods is typically used to detect viral infections?

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Signup and view all the answers

What type of vaccine has been used in military recruits for adenovirus infections, according to the given information?

Live attenuated virus vaccine Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a viral infection that persists for an extended period without causing severe symptoms?

Chronic infection Signup and view all the answers