Additional Equipment for Heat Transfer in Boilers
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Questions and Answers

What is the principal energy transfer medium that the industry relies on for its process applications?

  • Electricity
  • Wind power
  • Steam (correct)
  • Thermal fluids

    • Why is heat essential in hydrocarbon processing?

  • To cool down the process
  • To separate and chemically alter hydrocarbon feedstocks (correct)
  • To decrease the efficiency of the process
  • To reduce the need for chemical reactions

    • What is a common thermal processing stage used in various industries mentioned in the text?

  • Meteorological forecasting
  • Hydraulic fracturing
  • Carbon capture
  • Distribution of thermal fluids (correct)

    • What is a source of water for many industrial operations and chemical reactions?

    <p>Process steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the typical pressures and temperatures in an ammonia compression refrigeration cycle according to Objective 2?

    <p>High pressures and low temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do plants in different industries use common equipment configurations for thermal processing stages?

    <p>To streamline operations and efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the advantages of steam as an energy transfer medium?

    <p>Low toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is energy extracted from steam for process heating?

    <p>Mechanical work through a turbine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system uses a special heat transfer liquid circulated by a pump through a fired heat exchanger?

    <p>Heat transfer fluid (HTF) system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which temperature range typically favors the use of steam systems over HTF systems?

    <p>Below freezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a gas turbine in energy conversion industries?

    <p>To convert thermal energy into mechanical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) in the generation segment of industrial plants?

    <p>To convert liquid water into steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase does a heat transfer fluid commonly operate?

    <p>Liquid phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to liquid water when it receives thermal energy in a boiler?

    <p>It converts to vapor phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the choice of equipment configurations within the generation section of industrial plants?

    <p>The choice of heat conversion medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system uses compressed hydrocarbons to produce heated gases for thermal energy transfer?

    <p>Gas turbine system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a superheater in some boilers?

    <p>Increase the energy content of the steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do combustion air preheaters contribute to reducing energy requirements?

    <p>By transferring excess heat to the incoming combustion air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do ancillary equipment and controls play in a generating system?

    <p>Enhancing process safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is appropriate insulation crucial in surrounding a thermal distribution system?

    <p>To reduce the amount of heat lost to the plant's environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In distribution systems, what is the purpose of steam separators?

    <p>Remove water droplets from wet steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of steam accumulators in a distribution system?

    <p>Allow additional energy in excess steam to be discharged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do steam traps contribute to steam distribution system efficiencies?

    <p>Trap the condensate and release it as steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common function of isolation valves in a distribution system?

    <p>Regulate pressure in different lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a non-condensing turbine contribute to energy extraction?

    <p>By extracting energy from high-pressure steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is an efficient condensate return system important in a distribution system?

    <p>To minimize need for make-up steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a crystallization process?

    <p>To separate a crystalline substance from a non-crystalline one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of processes is steam often used to control the pressure of a reaction?

    <p>Physical processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of solvent extraction in a petroleum refinery?

    <p>To extract specific compounds like BTX from mixtures based on solubility differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the absorption process?

    <p>To filter molecules based on their physical size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is commonly used for direct conversion of thermal energy into mechanical action in industrial plants?

    <p>Thermo-Mechanical Pulping (TMP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of stripping towers in industrial processes?

    <p>To pull unwanted contaminants from a process fluid using steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of pressure regulation using steam in industrial processes?

    <p>To control the pressure of a reaction by injecting steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of processes do not add enough energy to cause chemical changes but can impart energy for physical changes?

    <p>Physical processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of an oil refinery using compression/cooling processes?

    <p>To cool, stop high-temperature reaction processes using steam quenching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of molecular size reduction in chemical processes?

    <p>To convert surplus products into a smaller size that is in demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In gasoline manufacture, what effect does a more branched product have on the octane number?

    <p>Increases the octane number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the condensate return system in a steam system?

    <p>To send the condensate back to the boiler for reuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the return process of condensate and heat transfer fluids?

    <p>Condensate returns through low-pressure piping, while heat transfer fluids do not return</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a deaerator in a steam system?

    <p>To strip oxygen and non-condensable gases from the condensate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is energy extraction for preheating combustion air simplified when gas is used as the energy transfer medium?

    <p>By extraction of energy using a heat exchanger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to any condensate not returned in a steam system?

    <p>It must be replaced by makeup water with additional costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one main advantage of using heat transfer fluids compared to steam in energy intensive industries?

    <p>Their return usually involves low-pressure piping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not recycling post-combustion gases?

    <p>Increased water treatment costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

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