44 Questions
What is the principal energy transfer medium that the industry depends on for its process applications?
Water
Why is heat crucial in hydrocarbon processing?
To separate saleable end products
Which industry skill set is essential for effectively managing thermal operations?
Power Engineer
What are common thermal processing stages used throughout industry?
Generation, distribution, end-use, and recovery of thermal fluids
What are some basic feedstocks that can be used in thermal processes?
Sweet and sour natural gas, conventional crudes, heavy crudes, and oil sands
What is the purpose of the crystallization process?
To separate crystalline substances from non-crystalline ones
In which type of process is steam often used to reduce solids buildup on heat exchangers?
Dilution
What is the primary function of a stripping tower in industrial processes?
To pull unwanted contaminants from a process fluid
Which process involves separating compounds based on their solubility differences in complex mixtures?
Solvent Extraction
What is the main purpose of quenching with steam in industrial processes?
To cool and stop high-temperature reaction processes
Which type of process removes crystalline waxes from petroleum or edible oils?
Crystallization
What is the purpose of pressure regulation using steam in industrial reactions?
To control the pressure of a reaction by injection into a fixed volume vessel
Which process converts one compound into another through a chemical reaction?
Chemical Conversion Processes
What is one of the main purposes of dilution using steam?
To reduce solids buildup on heat exchangers.
In what type of process are absorbing agents used as filtering media?
Absorption.
What is one of the main advantages of using steam as an energy transfer medium?
High heat capacity
In what form is most of the heat contained in steam?
Latent heat
What is the primary function of a heat transfer fluid system in industrial settings?
To circulate heat transfer liquid
When is a steam system most often chosen over a heat transfer fluid system?
When temperature is below freezing
Which type of energy conversion system uses compressed hydrocarbons to produce heated gases for thermal energy transfer?
Gas turbine system
What is the primary purpose of a flash drum in a vapour phase heat transfer fluid system?
To separate vapor from liquid
What distinguishes a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) from a traditional boiler?
The form of the energy transfer medium produced
Why is steam an ideal energy transport medium?
Ability to efficiently transfer latent heat at constant temperature
What governs the choice between a steam system and a heat transfer fluid system for industrial processes?
Thermal requirements of the process
How does a gas turbine system differ from a heat transfer fluid system in terms of energy conversion?
Uses compressed hydrocarbons directly for heating
What is the role of an economizer in a boiler system?
Recycles thermal energy in combustion gases to feedwater
Why is appropriate insulation important in a thermal distribution system?
To increase plant safety by reducing surface temperatures
What is the purpose of steam accumulators in a distribution system?
To trap steam in the system for efficient operation
How do steam separators contribute to efficient steam distribution?
By removing water droplets from wet steam
What is the function of steam traps during system operation?
Enable air to escape during system startup
Why are back-pressure turbines sometimes used in distribution systems?
To extract energy from high-pressure steam
What purpose does an ancillary equipment serve in a generating system?
Ensuring feedwater quality and process safety
Why are pumps used in heat transfer fluid systems?
To provide pressure for fluid movement
What factor affects the efficiency of a distribution system other than insulation?
Component separation technologies
What is the function of a combustion air preheater?
Transfer excess heat into incoming combustion air
What is the main purpose of molecular size reduction in the chemical industry?
To convert large molecular size surplus products into smaller ones in demand
In the context of chemical structure adjustment, what is the impact of creating a more branched product in gasoline manufacture?
It increases the octane number
What is the purpose of a condensate return system in a steam system?
To collect and treat the condensate for reuse
Which equipment is used to increase the feedwater pressure above boiler pressure in a steam system?
Boiler feed pumps
What is the purpose of a deaerator in a steam system?
To strip oxygen and non-condensable gases from condensate
How does direct-fired heaters using gas compare to steam or thermal fluid in terms of recovery and reuse processes?
Direct-fired heaters are more efficient in recovery and reuse compared to steam or thermal fluid
What happens if any condensate is not returned in a steam system?
Makeup water with additional costs is used to replace it
How are heat transfer fluids usually returned in comparison to condensate in a steam system?
They are returned through low-pressure piping after simple filtering
What is one main advantage of using heat transfer fluids over condensate in terms of return and recycling processes?
They operate at higher pressures, simplifying their return journey
Explore the purpose and functions of superheaters, economizers, and combustion air preheaters in boilers. Learn how these components enhance the efficiency of heat transfer in steam generation processes.
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