Additional Equipment for Heat Transfer in Boilers
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Questions and Answers

What is the principal energy transfer medium that industry depends on for its process applications?

  • Steam (correct)
  • Crude oil
  • Thermal fluids
  • Natural gas

    • Why is heat essential in hydrocarbon processing?

  • To facilitate physical processes and chemical reactions (correct)
  • To increase viscosity of the feedstocks
  • To generate electricity
  • To cool down the feedstocks

    • What plays a significant role in separating saleable end products in thermal processes?

  • Thermal fluids
  • Water
  • Crude oil
  • Steam (correct)

    • Which type of feedstocks can be used in thermal operations according to the text?

    <p>Natural gas, conventional crudes, heavy crudes, and oil sands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique skill set required for effectively managing thermal operations according to the text?

    <p>Power Engineer skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apart from energy transfer, what other role does steam play in industrial operations according to the text?

    <p>Supplying water for chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major advantage of using steam as an energy transfer medium?

    <p>High heat capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what form is most of the heat contained in steam?

    <p>Latent heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of heat transfer fluid (HTF) systems?

    <p>Employ external flash drums</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature range is steam usually preferred over HTF systems?

    <p>Between freezing and 175°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is steam generated in a Boiler or a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG)?

    <p>By transferring thermal energy from combustion or other sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of energy transfer medium do compressed hydrocarbons produce when combusted directly?

    <p>Compressed gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of industrial plants, what occurs in the 'Generation' segment?

    <p>Conversion of energy from one form to another generating heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What controls the equipment configurations within the generation section of an industrial plant?

    <p>The choice of energy conversion medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a vapour phase HTF system from a liquid phase HTF system?

    <p>Internal vs. external flash drum usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor primarily governs the choice between a steam system and an HTF system in industrial applications?

    <p>Thermal requirements of the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an economizer in a boiler system?

    <p>To recycle thermal energy in combustion gases for feedwater heating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is back-pressure or non-condensing turbines sometimes used in distribution systems?

    <p>To extract energy from high-pressure steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of steam traps in a distribution system?

    <p>To trap steam while enabling condensate return</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do combustion air preheaters contribute to boiler systems?

    <p>By reducing energy requirements for incoming combustion air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is appropriate insulation crucial for a thermal distribution system?

    <p>To increase plant safety by reducing surface temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an economizer from a superheater in a boiler system?

    <p>Economizers recycle thermal energy while superheaters increase steam temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an ancillary equipment and controls in a generating system?

    <p>To ensure feedwater quality and process safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a boiler system utilize steam separators?

    <p>To remove water droplets from wet steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of steam accumulators in a distribution system?

    <p>To discharge excess energy from excess steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do distribution lines in a system operate at different pressures?

    <p>By utilizing isolation valves and traps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the process of crystallization, how is a crystalline substance separated from a non-crystalline one?

    <p>By cooling the solution and then separating the components via filtering or centrifugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of solvent extraction in a petroleum refinery?

    <p>To separate substances based on differences in solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process uses steam to control the pressure of a reaction by injection into a fixed volume reaction vessel?

    <p>Pressure Regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during an absorption process using molecular sieves as filtering medium?

    <p>Seperation based on physical size of molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of stripping towers in industrial processes?

    <p>To pull unwanted contaminants from a process fluid using steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During distillation, how are compounds separated into fractions?

    <p>By differential boiling points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical function of dilution in industrial processes?

    <p>To dilute a process gas which can reduce solids buildup on heat exchangers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates substances by using differences in solubility between compounds in complex mixtures?

    <p>Solvent Extraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which industrial process involves converting one compound into another by chemical reaction?

    <p>Chemical Conversion Processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of quenching in industrial processes?

    <p>Cooling and stopping high temperature reaction processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of molecular size reduction in chemical processes?

    <p>To convert surplus, unsaleable products into smaller ones in demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In chemical structure adjustment for gasoline manufacture, what effect does creating a more branched product have on the octane number?

    <p>Increases the octane number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is excess energy, in comparison to the process' needs, extracted when gas is used as the energy transfer medium?

    <p>Through a heat exchanger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to condensate that is not returned to the boiler in a steam system?

    <p>It must be replaced by makeup water at additional costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a deaerator in a steam system?

    <p>To strip oxygen and non-condensable gases from condensate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of boiler feed pumps in a steam system?

    <p>Increase feedwater pressure above boiler pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the return and recycling of post-combustion gases contribute to energy efficiency?

    <p>By extracting energy to preheat fuel and air streams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of stripping oxygen and non-condensable gases in a deaerator?

    <p>To prevent corrosion in the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario must treated makeup water and chemicals be added?

    <p>At the condensate receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes heat transfer fluids return process from that of condensate?

    <p>Condensate operates through low-pressure piping</p> Signup and view all the answers

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