Active ROM Exercises Overview
37 Questions
0 Views

Active ROM Exercises Overview

Created by
@EntrancedChrysocolla1433

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which movement describes hyperextension of the shoulder joint?

  • Raising the arm above the head
  • Bringing the arm across the front of the body
  • Moving the arm behind the body from the side position (correct)
  • Lowering the arm to the side

    • What is the correct action for flexion of the neck at the pivot joint?

  • Turning the head to the right and left
  • Moving the head forward so the chin rests on the chest (correct)
  • Dropping the head to the right shoulder
  • Tilting the head back as far as possible

    • How is abduction of the arms correctly defined?

  • Lifting the arm directly beside the body
  • Moving the arm to the front and upward to the head
  • Moving the arm laterally from the side position above the head (correct)
  • Lowering the arm across the front of the body

    • What is the degree of rotation allowed in the neck's pivot joint?

    <p>70 degrees from midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During horizontal flexion of the shoulder joint, the arms move through which plane?

    <p>Horizontal plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During knee flexion, what is the maximum degree the leg can be bent?

    <p>120-130 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum degree of circumduction of the leg?

    <p>360 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle of extension (dorsiflexion) for the ankle?

    <p>45-50 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement is described by turning the foot and leg outward so that the toes point away from the other leg?

    <p>External rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many degrees can the trunk bend laterally during lateral flexion?

    <p>35 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of abduction in the leg?

    <p>Moving the leg out to the side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint allows for hyperextension of the leg behind the body?

    <p>Ball and socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle range for adduction of the leg?

    <p>20-30 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct method to perform hip abduction?

    <p>Keep the knees straight and move the leg approximately 45 degrees away from the other leg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is performed during ankle rotation?

    <p>Stabilize the knee and turn the foot inward and outward with the knee straight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of stretching the heel-cord?

    <p>To stretch the muscles in the back of the leg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to keep the knees flexed when placing the patient in a comfortable position?

    <p>To relieve pressure on the skin and enhance comfort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the footboard in patient positioning?

    <p>To maintain dorsiflexion of the foot and prevent foot drop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During lumbar rotation, what is the proper technique?

    <p>Bend knees while keeping them together and lower to each side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of using a hand roll for a paralyzed patient?

    <p>To prevent finger contracture and keep the hand in a functional position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step to ensure safety and hygiene during the procedure?

    <p>Wash hands and wear gloves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of elevating the head of the bed before assisting a client with ambulation?

    <p>It prevents orthostatic hypotension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When preparing a client for ambulation, why is it essential to inform them of the purposes and distance of the walking exercise?

    <p>It promotes client autonomy and reduces anxiety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for encouraging clients to dangle their legs at the side of the bed?

    <p>It prevents orthostatic hypotension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is assessing a client's strength and balance important before helping them with crutch walking?

    <p>To gauge the level of assistance required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adjustment should be made to crutches before a client begins crutch walking?

    <p>Space between the crutch pad and the axillae should be measured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does placing one arm under the client's back and one under their legs help during ambulation?

    <p>It provides support and enhances balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assisting a client from a supine to a seated position, what is the first step?

    <p>Place the client into a dangling position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of standing in front of the client with knees touching their knees during ambulation?

    <p>To steady the client in case of dizziness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of positioning the crutch pad 1.5 to 2 inches below the axillae?

    <p>To reduce pressure on the radial nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the client dangle at the side of the bed?

    <p>To stabilize blood pressure and prevent hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended elbow flexion angle when holding crutches?

    <p>30 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gait involves moving both crutches and the weaker leg forward together?

    <p>Three-point gait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the four-point gait, how is weight distributed?

    <p>On three points: two crutches and one foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adjustment should be made for the hand grip on the crutches?

    <p>To allow elbows to be bent at 30 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of the two-point gait?

    <p>It provides a strong base of support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes maintaining the crutches during movement?

    <p>They should be held at the side and slightly in front of the feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Active ROM Exercises:

    • Neck Pivot Joint:
      • Flexion: Move head forward, chin resting on chest (45 degrees from midline).
      • Extension: Move head back to upright position (45 degrees from midline).
      • Hyperextension: Move head backward as far as possible (45 degrees from midline).
      • Lateral Flexion: Move head laterally towards right and left shoulders (40 degrees from midline).
      • Rotation: Turn face as far as possible to right and left (70 degrees from midline).
    • Shoulder Ball and Socket Joint:
      • Flexion: Raise each arm forward and upward to a position beside the head (180 degrees from the side).
      • Extension: Move each arm forward and down to resting position at the side of the body (180 degrees from vertical position beside the head).
      • Hyperextension: Move each arm from resting side position to behind the body (50 degrees from side position).
      • Abduction: Move each arm laterally from resting position at the side to a side position above the head, palm away from the head (180 degrees).
      • Adduction (Anterior): Move each arm from a position beside the head downward laterally and across the front of the body as far as possible (50 degrees).
      • Horizontal Flexion: Extend each arm laterally at shoulder height and move it through a horizontal plane across the front of the body as far as possible (135 degrees).
      • Horizontal Extension: Extend each arm laterally at shoulder height and move it through a horizontal plane across the back of the body as far as possible.
      • Opposition: Touch each thumb to the tip of each finger of the same hand (70 degrees).
    • Hip Ball and Socket Joint:
      • Flexion: Move each leg forward and upward, the knee may be extended or flexed (90 Degrees).
      • Extension: Move each leg back beside the other leg (90-120 degrees).
      • Hyperextension: Move each leg back behind the body (30-50 degrees).
      • Abduction: Move each leg out to the side (45-50 degrees).
      • Adduction: Move each leg back to the other leg and beyond in front of it (20-30 degrees).
      • Circumduction: Move each leg forward, lateral, backward to the side and down in a circle (360 degrees).
      • Internal Rotation: Turn each foot and leg inward that the toes point as far as possible toward the other leg (40 degrees).
      • External Rotation: Turn each foot and leg outward that the toes point as far as possible toward the other leg (45 degrees).
    • Knee Hinge Joint:
      • Flexion: Bend each leg bringing the heel toward the back of the thigh (120-130 degrees).
      • Extension: Straighten each leg returning the foot to its position beside the other foot (120-130 degrees).
    • Ankle Hinge Joint:
      • Extension (Plantar Flexion): Point the toes of each foot downward (20 degrees).
      • Flexion (Dorsiflexion): Point toes of each foot upward (45-50 degrees).
    • Foot:
      • Eversion: Turn the sole of each foot laterally (5 degrees).
      • Inversion: Turn the sole of each foot medially (5 degrees).
    • Toes:
      • Interphalangeal Joint (Hinge):
        • Flexion: Curve the toes of each foot downward (35-60 degrees).
        • Extension: Straighten the toes of each foot (35-60 degrees).
      • Metatarsophalangeal Joint (Hinge):
        • Abduction: Spread the toes of each foot apart.
        • Adduction: Bring the toes of each foot together.
      • Intertarsal Joint (Gliding):
    • Trunk Gliding Joint:
      • Flexion: Bend the trunk toward the toes (70-90 degrees).
      • Extension: Straighten the trunk from a flexed position (70-90 degrees).
      • Hyperextension: Bend the trunk backward (20-30 degrees).
      • Lateral Flexion: Bend the trunk to the right and to the left (35 degrees).
      • Rotation: Turn the upper part of the body from side to side (30-45 degrees).

    Passive ROM Exercises:

    • Knee Flexion and Extension:
      • Bend the knee halfway to the chest to achieve a 90-degree angle at the hip and knee.
      • Push the foot away from you.
      • Pull the foot toward you.
    • Hip Abduction:
      • Cradle the leg by placing your hand under the knee and holding it.
      • Place the other hand under the heel to stabilize the hip joint.
      • Keeping the knees straight, move the leg along the surface of the bed, toward you and away from the other leg, approximately 45 degrees.
      • Then bring the leg back to the other leg.
    • Ankle Rotation:
      • With the knee straight and one hand holding the ankle steady, place the other hand around the foot and turn the foot inward, then outward.
    • Toe Flexion and Extension:
      • With one hand, stabilize the foot just below the toes.
      • With the other hand, gently move each or all of the toes forward and backward.
    • Heel-Cord Stretching:
      • Cups or cradle the heel with your hand and place your forearm against the ball of the foot.
      • Push the ball of the foot forward, bending the foot toward the knee and stretching the muscles in the back of the leg.
      • Cup the heel of the foot into the palm of your hand.
      • Gently push the foot down to “point the toes.” Do this with the knee bent, then repeat with the knee straight.
    • Lumbar Rotation:
      • Bend knees up and keeping them together, lower them to one side as far as they comfortably go.
      • Repeat to the other side
    • Hamstring Stretch:
      • With the knee and heel supported, slowly raise the leg up keeping the knee straight.
      • Return to starting position.

    Assisting a Client with Ambulation:

    • Rationale: Reduces anxiety and promotes cooperation, prevents orthostatic hypotension, reduces distance client has to step, promotes circulation, prevents bed sores, maintains dorsiflexion of the foot and prevents foot drop, keeps hand in functional position and prevents finger contracture, prevents external rotation of legs, maintains good body alignment.
    • Steps:
      • Inform client of the purpose and distance of the walking exercise.
      • Elevate the read of the bed and wait several minutes.
      • Lower the bed height, move client into dangling position.
      • Encourage client to dangle at the side of the bed for several minutes.
      • Stand in front of the client with your knees touching the clients knees.
      • Place arms under clients axillae.
      • Assist client to a standing position allowing client time to balance.
      • Assist the client from a supine to a seated position (dangling position).
      • Place one arm under the clients back and one arm under the clients legs.
      • Help client ambulate their desired distance or distance of tolerance by placing your hand under the clients forearm and ambulating close to the client.

    Assisting a Client with Crutch Walking:

    • Equipment: One pair of crutches, measuring Tape, gait belt (optional).
    • Rationale: Reduces anxiety and promotes cooperation, determines client capabilities and assistance required, provides broad base of support and prevents pressure on radial nerve, allows for space between crutch pad and axillae, allows client to sit with feet on the floor for stability, prevents orthostatic hypotension, increases comprehension and cooperation, provides support and promotes safety, prevents orthostatic hypotension.
    • Steps:
      • Inform client that you will be assisting them with ambulation using crutches.
      • Assess client for strength, mobility range of motion, visual acuity, perceptual difficulties, and balance.
      • Adjust crutches to fit the client:
        • With the client supine, measure from the heel to the axillae.
        • With the client standing, set the crutch position at a point 4 to 5 inches lateral to the client and 4 to 6 inches in front of the client.
        • The hand grip should be adjusted to allow for the client to have the elbows bent at 30 degrees of flexion.
      • Lower the height of the bed.
      • Dangle the client at the side of the bed for several minutes.
      • Instruct client on the method to hold crutches (elbows bent 30 degrees, pad 1.5 to 2 inches below the axillae).
      • Instruct client to position the crutches lateral to and forward of the feet. Demonstrate correct positioning.
      • Apply the gait belt around the clients waist (if needed) to promote safety and prevent orthostatic hypotension.
      • Four-Point gait: - Position the crutches 4.5 to 6 inches to the side and in front of each foot. - Move the right crutch forward 4 to 6 inches and move the left foot forward, even with the left crutch. - Move the left crutch forward 4 to 6 inches and move the right foot forward. - Repeat the four-point gait.
      • Three-Point gait:
        • Advance both crutches and the weaker leg forward together 4 to 6 inches.
        • Move the stronger leg forward, even with the crutches.
        • Repeat the three-point gait. - Two-Point gait: - Move the left crutch and right leg forward 4 to 6 inches. - Move the right crutch and left leg forward 4 to 6 inches. - Repeat the two-point gait.
      • Support as needed.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Active ROM PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the active range of motion (ROM) exercises for the neck and shoulder joints. Participants will explore various movements such as flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, and rotation. Test your knowledge of these essential exercises to enhance joint mobility and flexibility.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser