Acid-Base Balance Quiz

A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.

A substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.

A measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution, on a scale of 0 to 14.

A substance that resists changes in pH by absorbing or releasing H+ ions.

7.4

Arterial blood pH above 7.45.

Arterial blood pH below 7.35.

A buffer system in blood that helps maintain pH by taking up excess hydrogen ions.

The respiratory system regulates blood pH by controlling the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood.

The kidneys regulate blood pH by excreting hydrogen ions (H+) and reabsorbing bicarbonate (HCO3-).

The normal pH range for arterial blood is 7.35 to 7.45. Maintaining this narrow range is crucial for proper body function.

Arterial blood pH above 7.45 is called alkalosis or alkalemia. It's a state of too much alkalinity in the blood.

Arterial blood pH below 7.35 is called acidosis or acidemia. It's a state of too much acidity in the blood.

The bicarbonate buffer system uses carbonic acid (H2CO3) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) to neutralize excess acid or base. It's the primary buffer system in blood.

The respiratory system regulates blood pH by controlling the amount of CO2 in the blood. Higher CO2 levels lead to more acid, while lower CO2 levels lead to more alkalinity.

The kidneys regulate blood pH by excreting H+ ions and reabsorbing HCO3- ions. They help remove excess acid and conserve bicarbonate, keeping the blood at a stable pH.

PCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) and HCO3- (bicarbonate) are inversely related. When PCO2 is high, HCO3- is low, and vice versa.

Compensation is the body's attempt to return blood pH to normal by adjusting either respiratory or metabolic mechanisms when one system is out of balance.

Hypoventilation (slow, shallow breathing) increases CO2 in the blood, leading to respiratory acidosis. Hyperventilation (rapid, deep breathing) decreases CO2, leading to respiratory alkalosis.

The kidneys secrete H+ ions through active transport mechanisms. They use proton pumps to move H+ into the urine, effectively removing acid from the body.

pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, using a scale from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Lower pH means more acidic, while higher pH means more alkaline.

Arterial blood normally has a pH between 7.35 and 7.45. This narrow range is crucial for proper body function.

Acidosis is a condition where blood pH falls below 7.35. It means the blood is too acidic.

Alkalosis is a condition where blood pH rises above 7.45. It means the blood is too alkaline.

A buffer is a substance that resists changes in pH by absorbing or releasing hydrogen ions (H+).

The respiratory system controls your breathing rate and depth, which impacts the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in your blood. CO2 contributes to acidity, so your lungs help maintain pH.

The kidneys regulate pH by removing excess acid (H+) from the blood and conserving bicarbonate (HCO3-).

Compensation is your body's way of trying to bring your blood pH back to normal. It involves adjusting either respiratory mechanisms (breathing) or metabolic mechanisms (chemical reactions) when one system is out of balance.

The body's attempt to return blood pH to normal by adjusting either respiratory or metabolic mechanisms when one system is out of balance.

The respiratory system controls your breathing rate and depth, which impacts the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in your blood. CO2 contributes to acidity, so your lungs help maintain pH.

The kidneys regulate pH by removing excess acid (H+) from the blood and conserving bicarbonate (HCO3-).

Compensation is the body's attempt to return blood pH to normal by adjusting either respiratory or metabolic mechanisms when one system is out of balance.

Hypoventilation (slow, shallow breathing) increases CO2 in the blood, leading to respiratory acidosis. Hyperventilation (rapid, deep breathing) decreases CO2, leading to respiratory alkalosis.

The kidneys secrete H+ ions through active transport mechanisms. They use proton pumps to move H+ into the urine, effectively removing acid from the body.