Recent

  • Show all results for ""

🎧 New: AI-Generated Podcasts Turn your study notes into engaging audio conversations. Learn more

chapter 9 patho
53 Questions
2 Views

chapter 9 patho

Created by
@Jiovonne Robinson

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the clinical manifestations of acidosis?

  • Coma and multiple organ failure (correct)
  • Nausea and dizziness
  • Anemia and hypertension
  • Hypoglycemia and tachycardia

    • Which system reacts within seconds to changes in hydrogen ion concentration?

  • Respiratory buffer system
  • Plasma buffer system (correct)
  • Renal buffer system
  • Intracellular buffer system

    • What substances are referred to as amphoteric?

  • Proteins and lipids
  • Carbohydrates and nucleic acids
  • Proteins and nucleic acids (correct)
  • Fats and carbohydrates

    • Which substance, when added to parenteral nutrition, may lead to metabolic acidosis?

    <p>Hydrochloric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two cations play a role in the regulation of acid-base balance?

    <p>Hydrogen and potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes an increased production of nonvolatile acids?

    <p>Fasting and ketoacidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the buffer system that responds to moment-to-moment changes to retain pH in the narrow range necessary for optimal cell function?

    <p>Protein buffer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for HIV that is caused by nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase (NRTIs)?

    <p>Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common alteration seen in conditions involving salt loss, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia?

    <p>Renal Tubulopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nutrition provides all the required nutrients through an IV line?

    <p>Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a decrease in pH when potassium moves into tubular cells in exchange for which substance?

    <p>$Na^+$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substances are known to donate hydrogen ions?

    <p>$HCO_3^-$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weak acid in the bicarbonate buffer system?

    <p>H2CO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical manifestations are associated with Mild/HAART acidosis?

    <p>Nausea and vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the buffer system that reacts within minutes to excrete CO2 through a change in respiratory rate?

    <p>Respiratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Salt-loosing tubulopathy with secondary hyperaldosteronism (Bartter Syndrome), what ions are involved in the development of metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>Decreased H ions, increased HCO3 ions, loss of Cl ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diuretic is used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?

    <p>Thiazide diuretic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical measurement used to determine the acid-base ratio?

    <p>pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which buffer system reacts within hours to days through the production, absorption, and excretion of acids, bases, and ions?

    <p>Renal buffer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In metabolic acidosis, what is the lab finding for HCO3 levels?

    <p>&lt;24 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance moving into the cell pushes potassium out of the cell, leading to an increase in pH?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?

    <p>Increased acid secretion by kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which altered acid-base balance is commonly involved in renal tubulopathy?

    <p>Metabolic alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main buffering system that responds to moment-to-moment changes to retain pH for optimal cell function?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which alteration is common in conditions involving salt loss, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weak base involved in the bicarbonate buffer system?

    <p>NH3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is used for renal tubulopathy that involves the sparing of potassium?

    <p>Spironolactone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of metabolic alkalosis resulting from an excess of HCO3 in the plasma?

    <p>Increased bicarbonate levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element moving into tubular cells results in a decrease in pH through an exchange process?

    <p>Potassium for Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lab findings are commonly associated with metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>Bicarbonate levels greater than 31mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances are used in treating renal tubulopathy?

    <p>Potassium-Sparing Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes an increase in the production of nonvolatile acids?

    <p>Fasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of metabolic acidosis?

    <p>Coma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substances are used in determining the anion gap?

    <p>Sodium, Chloride, Bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is responsible for eliminating hydrogen ions and conserving bicarbonate?

    <p>Renal Buffer System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the buffer system that reacts within hours to days through the production, absorption, and excretion of acids, bases, and ions?

    <p>Renal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Excessive chloride reabsorption in the kidneys can lead to an increase in which electrolyte when infused with sodium chloride?

    <p>Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which altered acid-base balance is commonly associated with renal tubulopathy?

    <p>Metabolic alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary lab finding for bicarbonate (HCO3) levels in metabolic acidosis?

    <p>&lt;24 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prostaglandin inhibitor is commonly used in treating renal tubulopathy?

    <p>Indomethacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major measured cation and anion calculation used to assess acid-base balance?

    <p>Anion gap calculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication of acid-base balance provided by the anion gap in plasma?

    <p>Decreased chloride ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which buffer system reacts within minutes to excrete carbon dioxide through a change in respiratory rate?

    <p>Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical manifestations associated with Mild/HAART acidosis?

    <p>Muscle weakness and paresthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic is commonly used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?

    <p>Thiazide diuretic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of renal tubulopathy treatment, what ions are involved in the development of metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>Decreased chloride ions and increased bicarbonate ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system reacts within seconds to changes in hydrogen ion concentration to retain pH for optimal cell function?

    <p>Respiratory buffer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weak acid involved in the bicarbonate buffer system?

    <p>$H_2CO_3$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary lab finding indicative of metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>Increased HCO3 ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, and hepatic steatosis?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of disorders includes Gitelman Syndrome and Bartter Syndrome?

    <p>Familial hypokalemia-hypomagnesemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the buffer system that reacts within minutes to excrete CO2 through changes in respiratory rate?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic is specifically used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?

    <p>Loop diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Quizzes Like This

    Acid-Base Balance Quiz
    66 questions

    Acid-Base Balance Quiz

    IntegralHorse avatar
    IntegralHorse
    Acid-Base Balance in Physiology
    10 questions

    Acid-Base Balance in Physiology

    AstoundedPigeon avatar
    AstoundedPigeon
    Gem: Acid-Base Balance Disorders Overview
    32 questions

    Gem: Acid-Base Balance Disorders Overview

    VeritableJadeite avatar
    VeritableJadeite
    Acid-Base Balance and Disorders Quiz
    36 questions

    Acid-Base Balance and Disorders Quiz

    RestfulSunflower avatar
    RestfulSunflower
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser