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Questions and Answers
What are the clinical manifestations of acidosis?
What are the clinical manifestations of acidosis?
Which system reacts within seconds to changes in hydrogen ion concentration?
Which system reacts within seconds to changes in hydrogen ion concentration?
What substances are referred to as amphoteric?
What substances are referred to as amphoteric?
Which substance, when added to parenteral nutrition, may lead to metabolic acidosis?
Which substance, when added to parenteral nutrition, may lead to metabolic acidosis?
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Which two cations play a role in the regulation of acid-base balance?
Which two cations play a role in the regulation of acid-base balance?
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What causes an increased production of nonvolatile acids?
What causes an increased production of nonvolatile acids?
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What is the buffer system that responds to moment-to-moment changes to retain pH in the narrow range necessary for optimal cell function?
What is the buffer system that responds to moment-to-moment changes to retain pH in the narrow range necessary for optimal cell function?
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What is the treatment for HIV that is caused by nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase (NRTIs)?
What is the treatment for HIV that is caused by nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase (NRTIs)?
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What is a common alteration seen in conditions involving salt loss, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia?
What is a common alteration seen in conditions involving salt loss, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia?
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What type of nutrition provides all the required nutrients through an IV line?
What type of nutrition provides all the required nutrients through an IV line?
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What causes a decrease in pH when potassium moves into tubular cells in exchange for which substance?
What causes a decrease in pH when potassium moves into tubular cells in exchange for which substance?
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Which substances are known to donate hydrogen ions?
Which substances are known to donate hydrogen ions?
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What is the weak acid in the bicarbonate buffer system?
What is the weak acid in the bicarbonate buffer system?
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Which clinical manifestations are associated with Mild/HAART acidosis?
Which clinical manifestations are associated with Mild/HAART acidosis?
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What is the buffer system that reacts within minutes to excrete CO2 through a change in respiratory rate?
What is the buffer system that reacts within minutes to excrete CO2 through a change in respiratory rate?
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In Salt-loosing tubulopathy with secondary hyperaldosteronism (Bartter Syndrome), what ions are involved in the development of metabolic alkalosis?
In Salt-loosing tubulopathy with secondary hyperaldosteronism (Bartter Syndrome), what ions are involved in the development of metabolic alkalosis?
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What diuretic is used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?
What diuretic is used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?
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What is the clinical measurement used to determine the acid-base ratio?
What is the clinical measurement used to determine the acid-base ratio?
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Which buffer system reacts within hours to days through the production, absorption, and excretion of acids, bases, and ions?
Which buffer system reacts within hours to days through the production, absorption, and excretion of acids, bases, and ions?
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In metabolic acidosis, what is the lab finding for HCO3 levels?
In metabolic acidosis, what is the lab finding for HCO3 levels?
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Which substance moving into the cell pushes potassium out of the cell, leading to an increase in pH?
Which substance moving into the cell pushes potassium out of the cell, leading to an increase in pH?
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What contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?
What contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?
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Which altered acid-base balance is commonly involved in renal tubulopathy?
Which altered acid-base balance is commonly involved in renal tubulopathy?
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What is the main buffering system that responds to moment-to-moment changes to retain pH for optimal cell function?
What is the main buffering system that responds to moment-to-moment changes to retain pH for optimal cell function?
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Which alteration is common in conditions involving salt loss, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia?
Which alteration is common in conditions involving salt loss, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia?
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What is the weak base involved in the bicarbonate buffer system?
What is the weak base involved in the bicarbonate buffer system?
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Which treatment is used for renal tubulopathy that involves the sparing of potassium?
Which treatment is used for renal tubulopathy that involves the sparing of potassium?
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What is the cause of metabolic alkalosis resulting from an excess of HCO3 in the plasma?
What is the cause of metabolic alkalosis resulting from an excess of HCO3 in the plasma?
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Which element moving into tubular cells results in a decrease in pH through an exchange process?
Which element moving into tubular cells results in a decrease in pH through an exchange process?
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What lab findings are commonly associated with metabolic alkalosis?
What lab findings are commonly associated with metabolic alkalosis?
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Which of the following substances are used in treating renal tubulopathy?
Which of the following substances are used in treating renal tubulopathy?
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What causes an increase in the production of nonvolatile acids?
What causes an increase in the production of nonvolatile acids?
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Which of the following is a common symptom of metabolic acidosis?
Which of the following is a common symptom of metabolic acidosis?
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What substances are used in determining the anion gap?
What substances are used in determining the anion gap?
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Which system is responsible for eliminating hydrogen ions and conserving bicarbonate?
Which system is responsible for eliminating hydrogen ions and conserving bicarbonate?
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What is the buffer system that reacts within hours to days through the production, absorption, and excretion of acids, bases, and ions?
What is the buffer system that reacts within hours to days through the production, absorption, and excretion of acids, bases, and ions?
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Excessive chloride reabsorption in the kidneys can lead to an increase in which electrolyte when infused with sodium chloride?
Excessive chloride reabsorption in the kidneys can lead to an increase in which electrolyte when infused with sodium chloride?
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Which altered acid-base balance is commonly associated with renal tubulopathy?
Which altered acid-base balance is commonly associated with renal tubulopathy?
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What is the primary lab finding for bicarbonate (HCO3) levels in metabolic acidosis?
What is the primary lab finding for bicarbonate (HCO3) levels in metabolic acidosis?
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Which prostaglandin inhibitor is commonly used in treating renal tubulopathy?
Which prostaglandin inhibitor is commonly used in treating renal tubulopathy?
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What is the major measured cation and anion calculation used to assess acid-base balance?
What is the major measured cation and anion calculation used to assess acid-base balance?
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What is the indication of acid-base balance provided by the anion gap in plasma?
What is the indication of acid-base balance provided by the anion gap in plasma?
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Which buffer system reacts within minutes to excrete carbon dioxide through a change in respiratory rate?
Which buffer system reacts within minutes to excrete carbon dioxide through a change in respiratory rate?
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What are the clinical manifestations associated with Mild/HAART acidosis?
What are the clinical manifestations associated with Mild/HAART acidosis?
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Which diuretic is commonly used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?
Which diuretic is commonly used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?
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In the context of renal tubulopathy treatment, what ions are involved in the development of metabolic alkalosis?
In the context of renal tubulopathy treatment, what ions are involved in the development of metabolic alkalosis?
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Which system reacts within seconds to changes in hydrogen ion concentration to retain pH for optimal cell function?
Which system reacts within seconds to changes in hydrogen ion concentration to retain pH for optimal cell function?
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What is the weak acid involved in the bicarbonate buffer system?
What is the weak acid involved in the bicarbonate buffer system?
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What is the primary lab finding indicative of metabolic alkalosis?
What is the primary lab finding indicative of metabolic alkalosis?
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Which condition is associated with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, and hepatic steatosis?
Which condition is associated with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, and hepatic steatosis?
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Which family of disorders includes Gitelman Syndrome and Bartter Syndrome?
Which family of disorders includes Gitelman Syndrome and Bartter Syndrome?
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What is the buffer system that reacts within minutes to excrete CO2 through changes in respiratory rate?
What is the buffer system that reacts within minutes to excrete CO2 through changes in respiratory rate?
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Which diuretic is specifically used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?
Which diuretic is specifically used to prevent the reabsorption of sodium?
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