Cardiovascular system (physiology) no ai
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a function of the cardiovascular system

  • Maintenance of normal blood pressure within the arteries
  • Prehension
  • Maintenance of blood flow into the tissues
  • Both A and C (correct)

    • Which of the following is a function of the cardiovascular system

  • Maintenance of blood flow into the tissues (correct)
  • Maintaining homeostasis
  • Assemble amino acids
  • Both A and B

    • Structure of the heart

  • Cone shaped, fluid-filled structure
  • Cone shaped, hollow muscular structure (correct)
  • Oval shape, fluid filled muscular structure
  • Oval shape, hollow muscular structure

    • Where is the heart located

    <p>Between the 3rd and 6th intercostal space in the dog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the heart made up of

    <p>Series of chambers and valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the heart

    <p>Pump blood through the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up the outer surface of the heart

    <p>Epicardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the muscle tissue of the heart

    <p>Myocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inner surface of the heart

    <p>Endocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lines the interior walls of the heart, chambers, and luminal surfaces of blood vessels

    <p>Endocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the chambers

    <p>Left and right atria and ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the left and right sides of the heart separated by

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the ventricles and atria separated by

    <p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure prevents backflow of blood back into the ventricles when blood is being pumped out

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cardiovascular system divided into

    <p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The systemic circulation makes up how much of blood volume

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pulmonary circulation makes up how much of blood volume

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Both the systemic and pulmonary circulation has both venous and arterial systems

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Only the pulmonary circulation has arterial and venous systems, the systemic circulation only has a venous system

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The systemic arterial circulation is a low pressure system

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The systemic arterial circulation is a high pressure system

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydrostatic pressure is not necessary to perfuse tissues with a high resistance to blood flow

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydrostatic pressure is required to perfuse tissues with a high resistance to blood flow

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is accurate to the pulmonary arterial and venous & systemic venous circulations

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    High pressures in venous systems may cause fluid to leak from the vessels and to accumulate as edema

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Low pressures in venous systems may cause fluid to leak from the vessels and to accumulate as edema

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood pressure

    <p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood pressure refers to systemic arterial blood pressure

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood pressure refers to systemic venous blood pressure

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood pressure refers to pulmonary arterial blood pressure

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systemic arterial blood pressure rises and falls in coordination with the circadian rhythm

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systemic arterial blood pressure rises and falls in coordination with the cardiac cycle

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systole

    <p>pressure rises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diastole

    <p>Pressure falls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows proper tissue perfusion & prevention of edema formation (capillaries and veins)

    <p>Maintenance of normal blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the contraction & relaxation of the heart occur

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Difference between systolic and diastolic pressures

    <p>Pulse pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Increase in BP & resistance is caused by

    <p>Vasoconstriction of arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What controls the vasoconstriction of arterioles

    <p>Sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What NS is dominant at rest

    <p>Parasympathetic NS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At rest, blood flow is directed towards

    <p>The digestive system and other organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Intrinsic ability for spontaneous depolarization & repolarization results in

    <p>Rhythmic pumping action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Depolarization occurs ONLY when stimulated by a nerve ending

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Depolarization occurs w/o stimulation by a nerve-ending

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cardiac tissues have ____________, which causes depolarization to occur w/o stimulation by a nerve ending

    Signup and view all the answers

    Muscle fibers w/in the RA =

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Terminology for "listening to the heart" is ___________ ____________

    <p>Cardiac auscultation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most important factor of the regulation of the heart is the

    <p>Autonomic NS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HR can be determined by various factors including body temperature

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Term for normal heart rhythm

    <p>Sinus rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sinus rhythm determined by

    <p>SA node w/in RA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arrhythmias can be

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A bradyarrhythmia is

    <p>Too slow- cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A tachyarrhythmia is

    <p>Too fast- cannot fill the heart adequately &amp; will have abnormal pumping function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is contractility of the myocardium determined by (at the molecular level

    <p>Interaction of calcium ions with contractile proteins (actin, myosin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following has a high resistance to blood flow

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to perfuse the following tissues; heart, kidney, brain, & other tissues above the heart

    <p>Hydrostatic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many parts is the cardiac cycle divided into

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systole corresponds to

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diastole corresponds to

    <p>Both A &amp; B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systole is when

    <p>Blood pressure rises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diastole is when

    <p>Blood pressure falls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Common pulse point location for the cat

    <p>Femoral artery- medial surface of the thigh, near the belly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Common pulse point location of a dog

    <p>Femoral artery- medial surface of the thigh, near the belly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cardiac muscle fibers are

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Much like skeletal muscle, impulses travel cell to cell, via intercalated discs in a wave like fashion

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    unlike skeletal muscle, impulses travel cell to cell, via intercalated discs in a wave like fashion

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The heart does not contract as a unit, but rather, the individual chambers contract intermittently

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The heart contracts as a unit or not at all

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the rate of spontaneous depolarization of the SA node

    <p>Balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic NS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An electrocardiogram CANNOT determine heart rate

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An electrocardiogram can determine heart rate

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Does the sympathetic NS impact level of contractility of the myocardium?

    <p>Yes, greatly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause increase in rate & force of myocardial contraction by increasing the amount of calcium available

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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