46 Questions
The amount of air in milliliters that is moved into or out of the lungs during one breath is called?
Tidal Volume
Irregular respiratory patten often seen with stroke patients and severely head injured patient is called?
Cheyne-Stokes
Flow rate for a nasal cannula is ______ liters per minute
1-6
The narrowest portion of the adult airway is the _______?
Glottic opening
Once in the thoracic cavity, the trachea divides at the level of the _______ into the two main stem bronchi (right and left).
Carina
The pressure of the gas in a full oxygen cylinder is approximately _______ psi
2000
An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressure inside it is less than:
500 psi
At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate concentration of up to
44%
Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called
Cheyne-stokes respirations
Structures of the lower airway include all of the following except:
the epiglottis
What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?
The tongue
a 71 year old male is semiconscious following a sudden, severe headache. there is vomitus on his face, and his respirations are slow and shallow. the EMT must immediately
perform oropharyngeal suctioning
Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct?
oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries
Which of the following statements regarding oxygen and ventilation is correct?
In mines or confined places, where oxygen levels are low, ventilation may continue despite inadequate oxygenation
While eating dinner, your partner suddenly grabs his throat and has a panicked look on his face. he is unable to cough and becomes cyanotic around the lips. you should:
stand behind him and administer abdominal thrusts
a 19 year old female is found unconscious by her roommate. your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. as you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. you should:
remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx
a 37 year old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. his skin is pink, warm, and moist. the most appropriate treatment for this patient includes
encouraging him to cough and transporting
A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. there is no evidence of injury, and the patients medical history is not known. the patients face is cherry red yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. which of the following would most likely explain this
carbon monoxide poisoning
a nasopharyngeal airway is inserted:
with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare
an adult at rest should have a respiratory rate that ranges between
12 and 20 breaths/min
based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplemental oxygen be administered?
Exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 94%
CPAP is indicated for patients who:
have pulmonary edema and can follow verbal commands
Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as:
inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells
In contrast to inhalation, exhalation:
is a passive process caused by increased intrathoracic pressure
Inhalation occurs when the:
diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure
Proper technique for suctioning the oropharynx of an adult patient includes:
suctioning while withdrawing the catheter from the oropharynx
The nasal cannula is most appropriately used in the prehospital setting:
when the patient cannot tolerate a nonrebreathing mask
The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called
ventilation
The purpose of the pin-indexing system for compressed gas cylinders is to:
ensure that the correct regulator is used for the cylinder
Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse
adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag
You and your partner are treating a 66 year old man who experienced a sudden onset of respiratory distress. he is conscious but is unable to follow simple verbal commands. further assessment reveals that his breathing is severely labored and his oxygen saturation is 80% you should:
assist his ventilations with a bad mask device
You are performing bag mask ventilations with oxygen connected and set at a flow rate of 15 L/min. what percentage of oxygen are you delivering
nearly 100%
you have inserted an oral airway and are ventilating an apneic woman with a mag mask device. she suddenly begins regurgitating large amounts of vomit. you should:
roll her onto her side and remove the oral airway
Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia
Cyanosis
which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway
bronchus
What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly
air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange
Collapsed alveoli is called
atelectasis
Small tubes with the diameter that link arterioles and venules are called?
Capillaries
During the inhalation phase the diaphragm:
lowers and contracts
The principal function of the lungs is
respiration
Paradoxical motion is often referred to as a flail chest segment
True
central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense:
slight increases in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the PH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
match the breath sounds with their description
low pitched rattling sound = Ronchi sounds of air trying to pass through fluid in the alveoli = crackles hight pitched sounds heard on inspiration as air tries to pass through an obstruction in the upper airway = stridor constriction and or inflammation in the bronchus = wheezing
Which pleural lining covers the outer surface of the lung tissue
visceral
Normal breathing sounds are said to be
vesicular
How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems
it forces the alveoli open and increases the concentration of oxygen in the alveoli
Test your knowledge of the respiratory system with this quiz covering topics like lung volume, respiratory patterns, airway anatomy, and gas pressure in the lungs.
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