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The amount of air in milliliters that is moved into or out of the lungs during one breath is called?

Minute Volume

Tidal Volume (correct)

Residual Volume

Vital Capacity

Irregular respiratory patten often seen with stroke patients and severely head injured patient is called?

Kussmal

Cheyne-Stokes (correct)

Biots

Agonal

Flow rate for a nasal cannula is ______ liters per minute

6-10

10-15

2-4

1-6 (correct)

The narrowest portion of the adult airway is the _______?

Glottic opening Signup and view all the answers

Once in the thoracic cavity, the trachea divides at the level of the _______ into the two main stem bronchi (right and left).

Carina Signup and view all the answers

The pressure of the gas in a full oxygen cylinder is approximately _______ psi

2000 Signup and view all the answers

An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressure inside it is less than:

500 psi Signup and view all the answers

At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate concentration of up to

44% Signup and view all the answers

Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called

Cheyne-stokes respirations Signup and view all the answers

Structures of the lower airway include all of the following except:

the epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?

The tongue Signup and view all the answers

a 71 year old male is semiconscious following a sudden, severe headache. there is vomitus on his face, and his respirations are slow and shallow. the EMT must immediately

perform oropharyngeal suctioning Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct?

oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding oxygen and ventilation is correct?

In mines or confined places, where oxygen levels are low, ventilation may continue despite inadequate oxygenation Signup and view all the answers

While eating dinner, your partner suddenly grabs his throat and has a panicked look on his face. he is unable to cough and becomes cyanotic around the lips. you should:

stand behind him and administer abdominal thrusts Signup and view all the answers

a 19 year old female is found unconscious by her roommate. your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. as you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. you should:

remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx Signup and view all the answers

a 37 year old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. his skin is pink, warm, and moist. the most appropriate treatment for this patient includes

encouraging him to cough and transporting Signup and view all the answers

A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. there is no evidence of injury, and the patients medical history is not known. the patients face is cherry red yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. which of the following would most likely explain this

carbon monoxide poisoning Signup and view all the answers

a nasopharyngeal airway is inserted:

with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare Signup and view all the answers

an adult at rest should have a respiratory rate that ranges between

12 and 20 breaths/min Signup and view all the answers

based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplemental oxygen be administered?

Exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 94% Signup and view all the answers

CPAP is indicated for patients who:

have pulmonary edema and can follow verbal commands Signup and view all the answers

Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as:

inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells Signup and view all the answers

In contrast to inhalation, exhalation:

is a passive process caused by increased intrathoracic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Inhalation occurs when the:

diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Proper technique for suctioning the oropharynx of an adult patient includes:

suctioning while withdrawing the catheter from the oropharynx Signup and view all the answers

The nasal cannula is most appropriately used in the prehospital setting:

when the patient cannot tolerate a nonrebreathing mask Signup and view all the answers

The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called

ventilation Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of the pin-indexing system for compressed gas cylinders is to:

ensure that the correct regulator is used for the cylinder Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse

adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag Signup and view all the answers

You and your partner are treating a 66 year old man who experienced a sudden onset of respiratory distress. he is conscious but is unable to follow simple verbal commands. further assessment reveals that his breathing is severely labored and his oxygen saturation is 80% you should:

assist his ventilations with a bad mask device Signup and view all the answers

You are performing bag mask ventilations with oxygen connected and set at a flow rate of 15 L/min. what percentage of oxygen are you delivering

nearly 100% Signup and view all the answers

you have inserted an oral airway and are ventilating an apneic woman with a mag mask device. she suddenly begins regurgitating large amounts of vomit. you should:

roll her onto her side and remove the oral airway Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia

Cyanosis Signup and view all the answers

which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway

bronchus Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly

air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange Signup and view all the answers

Collapsed alveoli is called

atelectasis Signup and view all the answers

Small tubes with the diameter that link arterioles and venules are called?

Capillaries Signup and view all the answers

During the inhalation phase the diaphragm:

lowers and contracts Signup and view all the answers

The principal function of the lungs is

respiration Signup and view all the answers

Paradoxical motion is often referred to as a flail chest segment

True Signup and view all the answers

central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense:

slight increases in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the PH of the cerebrospinal fluid. Signup and view all the answers

match the breath sounds with their description

low pitched rattling sound = Ronchi sounds of air trying to pass through fluid in the alveoli = crackles hight pitched sounds heard on inspiration as air tries to pass through an obstruction in the upper airway = stridor constriction and or inflammation in the bronchus = wheezing Signup and view all the answers

Which pleural lining covers the outer surface of the lung tissue

visceral Signup and view all the answers

Normal breathing sounds are said to be

vesicular Signup and view all the answers

How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems

it forces the alveoli open and increases the concentration of oxygen in the alveoli Signup and view all the answers