Pharm 2; Exam 2

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Questions and Answers

Adrenergic agonists have a variety of effects. What does the nurse monitor for with Norepinephrine (Levophed)?

  • Tumor Debulking
  • Blood Pressure (correct)
  • Decreased infection
  • Decreased urine output

Which patient needs midodrine (ProAmatine)?

  • non-productive with expitory wheezing
  • BP 90/52 mmHg with dizziness (correct)
  • BP 159/90mmHg and flushed
  • The monitor shows Afib

Anticholinergic drugs block which system?

  • central
  • parasympathetic (correct)
  • sympathetic
  • efferent

Which drug treats anaphylaxis?

<p>epinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse include in atenolol teaching?

<p>Monitor pulse and BP skip dose if adverse effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stimulation of beta2-adrenergic receptors in the lungs results in bronchodilation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

atenolol (Tenormin) may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a new order for tamsulosin (Flomax) should be advised of which of the following:

<p>avoid hot temperatures (A), get up slowly (B), it may cause lightheadedness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you do if your patient's pulse is <60 bpm and they are scheduled to receive a beta blocker?

<p>notify prescriber (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect of atenolol that can cause patients to discontinue it on their own?

<p>impotence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sildenafil (Viagra) is safe to take with tamsulosin (Flomax) with no interactions

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adrenergic bronchodilators can cause tachycardia chest pain and palpitations, hypertension, seizures

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Epinephrine's action in anaphylaxis?

<p>dilate bronchial passages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Salmeterol is indicated for prevention of bronchospasms, not relief of acute symptoms

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a parasympathetic response?

<p>frequent bowel movements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Priority action for dobutamine extravasation?

<p>stop infusion, administer phentolamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a condition a patient should self-monitor for when newly prescribed metoprolol (Lopressor)?

<p>developing heart failure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Donepezil (Aricept) increases the levels of acetylcholine in the brain and works to increase memory and learning ability

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a commonly used beta-blocker for mild heart failure?

<p>carvedilol (Coreg) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bethanechol (Urecholine) is used to treat non-obstructive urinary retention in patients with bladder atony

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

____is a direct-acting cholinergic drug that is used to stimulate salivation in patients who have xerostomia (dry mouth)?

<p>cevimeline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When to apply a scopolamine patch?

<p>4-5 hours before travel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the drug Glycopyrrolate?

<p>It is used to decrease secretions in patients undergoing surgery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of beta-blockers that patients should be aware of?

<p>Increased risk of hypoglycemia. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a new prescription for Donepezil is being educated about its benefits. What should the nurse emphasize to the patient?

<p>Donepezil will significantly improve memory and cognitive function. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is a beta2-adrenergic agonist used for acute asthma attacks?

<p>Albuterol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for the use of Bethanechol?

<p>Urinary frequency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is specifically used to treat mild heart failure?

<p>Carvedilol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction would likely receive which of the following medications?

<p>Epinephrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect associated with anticholinergic medications?

<p>Dry mouth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Adrenergic Drugs

Mimic the Sympathetic Nervous System to enhance bodily responses.

Beta2-Adrenergic Receptors

Cause bronchodilation, crucial in asthma treatments.

Epinephrine

Opens bronchi and increases blood pressure during emergencies like anaphylaxis.

Beta-Blockers

Medications that should not be stopped abruptly to prevent rebound hypertension.

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Cholinergic Drugs

Stimulate the Parasympathetic Nervous System by increasing acetylcholine levels.

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Donepezil

Increases acetylcholine to improve memory in Alzheimer's patients.

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Glycopyrrolate

Decreases secretions pre-surgery by blocking the PNS.

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Albuterol

Helps manage acute asthma attacks but may cause tachycardia.

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Capital of France (example flashcard)

Paris

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Study Notes

Adrenergic Drugs: Sympathetic Superpowers

  • Mimic the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)
  • Epinephrine: Opens bronchi, increases blood pressure (life-saving in anaphylaxis)
  • Dopamine: Enhances cardiac output (shock management, improves heart rate and circulation)
  • Key Receptors:
    • Beta2-adrenergic: Bronchodilation (asthma treatments)
    • Beta1-adrenergic: Heart rate and strength of contractions
  • Patient Teaching:
    • Do not abruptly stop beta-blockers (e.g., Atenolol) to avoid rebound hypertension
    • Monitor pulse and blood pressure regularly
    • Be aware of hidden hypoglycemia symptoms when using beta-blockers

Anticholinergic Drugs: PNS Blockers

  • Block the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) to reduce secretions and slow systems
  • Glycopyrrolate: Used pre-surgery to decrease oral and GI secretions
  • Oxybutynin: Decreases urinary frequency, helps with bladder control
  • Watch Out For:
    • Dry mouth
    • Blurred vision
    • Constipation
  • Special Notes for Active Seniors:
    • Stay cool to prevent heat stroke when outdoors (reduced sweating)

Cholinergic Drugs: Boosting Acetylcholine

  • Stimulate the PNS by increasing acetylcholine levels
  • Donepezil: Improves memory in Alzheimer's patients (not a cure)

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