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Questions and Answers

A patient experiencing nausea is prescribed a medication. Based on the information, which medication is most likely to be prescribed?

Metoclopramide

In an emergency situation involving a severe allergic reaction, which medication from the list would be most appropriate to administer?

Adrenaline

A patient with atrial fibrillation needs a medication to prevent blood clots. Which medication on the list is indicated for this condition?

Rivaroxaban

A patient is at risk for pulmonary embolism. Which medication would be most suitable to prevent this condition?

<p>Enoxaparin</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has ingested a toxic amount of pesticides, based on the list, what medication could be used to treat this?

<p>Atropine</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient who is recovering from a heart attack is being discharged. Which medication from the list would be appropriate to reduce their risk of secondary heart issues?

<p>Clopidogrel</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a history of blood clots in the heart requires medication. Which medication is indicated to reduce the risk of this?

<p>Heparin</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient requires medication to prevent diseases caused by blood clots. Which medication fits these requirements?

<p>Warfarin</p> Signup and view all the answers

A child is experiencing an asthma attack. Which medication from the list should be administered?

<p>Salbutamol</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is recovering from surgery and is experiencing post-operative vomiting. What medication can be given to stop this?

<p>Ondansetron</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify a physiological response to tachycardia that could impact a surgical procedure.

<p>Decreased saliva production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cholecalciferol address a specific deficiency, and what is that deficiency?

<p>Cholecalciferol is used to treat vitamin D deficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary mechanism of action shared by both hydrocortisone and prednisone?

<p>Anti-inflammatory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of Atorvastatin on lipid levels in the body?

<p>Reduces levels of bad cholesterol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides its anti-inflammatory effects, what is another significant therapeutic action of prednisone?

<p>Immunosuppressant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific disease is Levodopa primarily used to treat, and what is the general category of this disease process?

<p>Parkinson's disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient presents with severe allergic disorders unresponsive to antihistamines, which medication from the list might be considered and why?

<p>Prednisone/Hydrocortisone because of it's anti-inflammatory action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the reduction of 'bad cholesterol' by Atorvastatin can contribute to overall cardiovascular health.

<p>Reduces risk of plaque formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can the long-term use of prednisone affect the body's ability to produce cholecalciferol (Vitamin D)?

<p>Not directly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is monitoring saliva production important during surgical procedures for patients with pre-existing conditions like tachycardia?

<p>Risk of aspiration/airway management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What conditions is Esomeprazole primarily used to treat, and what class of medication does it belong to?

<p>Esomeprazole is used to treat GERD and is a PPI (Proton Pump Inhibitor).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pregabalin is indicated for which two main conditions?

<p>Pregabalin is used to treat neuropathic pain and epilepsy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided text, what type of pain and schedule is Tramadol used for?

<p>Tramadol is a schedule 4 medication used to treat moderate to severe pain, including post-surgery pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pain is Panadeine Forte indicated for, and what schedule does it belong to?

<p>Panadeine Forte is a Schedule 4 medication indicated for severe pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tapentadol is used to treat pain, especially what kind of pain, and what schedule is it?

<p>Tapentadol is schedule 8 and is used to treat post-surgery pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pain is Buprenorphine used to treat?

<p>Buprenorphine is used to treat chronic pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of pain is Panadol Osteo indicated for?

<p>Panadol Osteo is indicated for persistent pain associated with osteoarthritis, muscular pain, and back pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ibuprofen assists with what 3 symptoms?

<p>Ibuprofen assists with pain, fever, and inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medications mentioned are Schedule 4?

<p>Tramadol and Panadeine Forte are schedule 4.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication mentioned is an opioid?

<p>Tapentadol is an opioid medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how aspirin and metoprolol affect the cardiovascular system, and why they might be prescribed together.

<p>Aspirin prevents blood clots by stopping platelets from clumping, while metoprolol lowers blood pressure. They may be prescribed together to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with both type 2 diabetes and hypertension is prescribed Metformin and Ramipril. Describe the purpose of each medication in managing their conditions?

<p>Metformin helps manage type 2 diabetes by lowering blood sugar levels, while Ramipril is used to treat hypertension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Furosemide and Metoprolol affect blood pressure differently, and why might a doctor choose one over the other for a patient with hypertension?

<p>Furosemide lowers blood pressure by reducing fluid volume, whereas Metoprolol reduces blood pressure by slowing heart rate and relaxing blood vessels. The choice depends on the patient's specific condition and other health issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between how paracetamol and Celecoxib reduce pain, and provide a situation where one might be favored over the other?

<p>Paracetamol primarily reduces pain and fever, while celecoxib reduces pain and inflammation. Celecoxib might be favored for patients with arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Coloxyl and Movicol assist in relieving constipation, and what is a key difference in their mechanisms of action?

<p>Both Coloxyl and Movicol are laxatives used to treat constipation. Movicol softens the stool. Coloxyl increases fluid in the bowel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Digoxin, and what specific heart condition does it address according to the provided information?

<p>Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and irregular heartbeats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is experiencing both pain and fever. Which medication would be most appropriate according to the information provided, and why?

<p>Paracetamol would be more appropriate because it reduces both pain and fever.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the potential risks of prescribing Aspirin to a patient already taking Ramipril for hypertension.

<p>Aspirin and ramipril can both affect kidney function. Additionally, the risk of bleeding can increase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient needs a medication to help reduce inflammation associated with arthritis, but they also have a history of gastrointestinal issues. Which pain relief option might be most suitable, and why?

<p>Paracetamol might be the most suitable because it primarily reduces pain and fever, while celecoxib reduces pain and inflammation caused by arthritis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Metformin assist patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)?

<p>Metformin helps manage type 2 diabetes by lowering blood sugar levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Salbutamol

A bronchodilator used to relieve asthma symptoms.

Enoxaparin

Prevents pulmonary embolism by inhibiting clot formation.

Metoclopramide

Treats nausea and vomiting by accelerating gastric emptying.

Ondansetron

Controls nausea and vomiting, especially after surgery or chemotherapy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Heparin

Reduces the risk of clot formation in the heart.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Warfarin

Prevents conditions caused by blood clots, like stroke and DVT.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Apixaban

An anticoagulant that prevents blood clots from forming.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rivaroxaban

Prevents blood clots due to atrial fibrillation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Clopidogrel

Prevents heart attacks and strokes. Also used in blood circulation disease.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Adrenaline

Used in emergencies like severe allergic reactions. It can increase blood pressure, open airways, and reduce swelling.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tachycardia

Rapid heart rate, usually above 100 beats per minute.

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Decreased Saliva Production

A decrease in the production of saliva.

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Cholecalciferol

Vitamin D3; important for bone health.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hydrocortisone

Used to treat allergies and skin conditions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Atorvastatin

Reduces bad cholesterol levels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Prednisone

Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant medication.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Levodopa

Medication used to treat Parkinson's disease.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Allergic Disorders

Conditions that cause the immune system to overreact, causing sneezing or rashes.

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Immunosuppressant

To reduce the activity of the immune system.

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Surgery

Surgical procedure.

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Esomeprazole

A proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to treat conditions like GERD.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pregabalin

Medication used to treat neuropathic pain and epilepsy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tramadol

A Schedule 4 medication used to treat moderate to severe pain, including post-surgery pain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Panadeine Forte

A Schedule 4 medication indicated for severe pain relief.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tapentadol

A Schedule 8 opioid medication used for pain management, including post-surgery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Buprenorphine

Used to manage chronic pain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Panadol Osteo

Used for persistent pain associated with osteoarthritis, muscular pain and back pain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ibuprofen

Medication for pain, fever and inflammation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Analgesia

The relief from pain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Digoxin

Used to treat irregular heartbeats and heart failure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Paracetamol

Reduces fever and relieves mild to moderate pain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Aspirin

Prevents platelets from clumping together, reducing risk of blood clots.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Metoprolol

Used to treat high blood pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ramipril

Used to treat high blood pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Celecoxib

Treats pain and inflammation caused by arthritis and menstrual pain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Metformin

Used to treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Coloxyl

Laxative to treat constipation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Movicol

Softens the stool to relieve constipation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Furosemide

Used to reduce excess fluid accumulation or swelling.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

  • This document is a medication knowledge exam

OSCAR Medications

  • Salbutamol treats asthma
  • Metoclopramide treats nausea and vomiting
  • Ondansetron treats nausea and vomiting
  • Adrenaline is for emergency situations, severe allergic reactions
  • Atropine treats pesticide poisonings, certain nerve agents, tachycardia, and decreases saliva production during surgery
  • Hydrocortisone treats allergies and skin conditions
  • Prednisone is an anti-inflammatory, is an Immuno-depressant, and treats allergic disorders
  • Aspirin reduces fever, mild to moderate pain, and prevents platelets from clumping together
  • Paracetamol is used for pain relief

Medications Starting with E

  • Enoxaparin prevents DVT or pulmonary embolism, reduces the risk of blood clots in the heart, prevents diseases caused by blood clots, and prevents blood clots from forming due to atrial fibrillation

Medications Starting with C

  • Clopidogrel prevents heart attacks and strokes, and aids in blood circulation
  • Cholecalciferol treats a vitamin D deficiency

Medications Starting with A

  • Atorvastatin reduces bad levels of cholesterol

Medications Starting with L

  • Levodopa treats Parkinson's disease

Medications Starting with D

  • Digoxin treats irregular heartbeat and heart failure, along with other meds

Medications Starting with F

  • Furosemide treats excess accumulation of fluid or swelling

Medications Starting with M

  • Metoprolol helps with hypertension
  • Metformin is for T2DM

Medications Starting with R

  • Ramipril helps with hypertension

Medications Starting with C

  • Celecoxib helps with pain and inflammation caused by arthritis and menstrual pain
  • Coloxyl and or Movicol is a laxative used to treat constipation and soften the stool

Medications Starting with P

  • Pregabalin treats neuropathic pain and epilepsy
  • Panadeine Forte is Schedule 4 and treats severe pain
  • Panadol Osteo treats persistent pain associated with osteoarthritis, muscular pain, and back pain

Medications Starting with T

  • Tramadol is Schedule 4 to treat moderate to severe pain, including post surgery
  • Tapentadol is a Schedule 8 opioid medication for post-surgery, chronic pain

Medications Starting with B

  • Buprenorphine is a Schedule 8 opioid medication for post-surgery and chronic pain

Medications Starting with I

  • Ibuprofen treats pain, fever, inflammation, and aids as an analgesic

Medications Starting with E

  • Esomeprazole is a PPI for GERD

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