Aircraft System: Chapter 4: Oxyen
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of nitrogen in the atmosphere?

  • Is utilized by plants for photosynthesis.
  • Acts as an inert gas without direct use in life. (correct)
  • Supports human respiration directly.
  • Contributes to the formation of ozone.

    • What is the condition called that results from insufficient oxygen supply to the body?

  • Hypoxemia
  • Anoxia
  • Hyperoxia
  • Hypoxia (correct)

    • What is one method to overcome reduced oxygen pressure at high altitudes?

  • Decrease the volume of oxygen in the air supply.
  • Increase the temperature of the oxygen.
  • Increase the quantity of oxygen in the air supply. (correct)
  • Reduce the pressure of the oxygen.

    • Which gas constitutes the majority of the earth’s atmosphere?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is ozone formed in the atmosphere?

    <p>By the interaction of oxygen and the sun's rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the atmosphere is composed of oxygen?

    <p>21%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological functions are affected by hypoxia?

    <p>Body function and degree of consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using rebreather apparatus in pressurized aircraft oxygen systems?

    <p>It captures exhaled oxygen to conserve it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do demand-flow oxygen regulators differ from continuous-flow oxygen regulators?

    <p>Demand-flow regulators initiate oxygen flow based on inhalation pressure changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the aneroid play in the demand-flow oxygen system?

    <p>It regulates the flow of oxygen by mixing it with atmospheric air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is continuous-flow oxygen from storage tanks considered wasteful?

    <p>It releases oxygen continuously, regardless of breathing pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs to the aneroid at sea level in a demand-flow system?

    <p>It compresses due to atmospheric pressure, closing one port.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates that the relief valve has opened in a typical oxygen system?

    <p>Absence of a green disk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component adjusts oxygen flow in manual continuous-flow systems?

    <p>A manual regulator control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an automatic continuous-flow regulator function?

    <p>It adjusts based on aneroid expansion with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism allows a manual continuous-flow regulator to increase oxygen flow?

    <p>A knob controlled by the crew</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are oxygen masks typically located in an airliner?

    <p>Hinged over each row of seats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the flow of oxygen in a continuous-flow system when a passenger connects their mask?

    <p>Flow is inhibited until manually deployed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the location of the blowout disk significant?

    <p>It needs to be inspected during walk-arounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the aneroid in an automatic continuous-flow oxygen regulator?

    <p>To regulate oxygen flow based on altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color are most blowout disks in oxygen systems?

    <p>Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to adjustable continuous-flow systems as altitude increases?

    <p>Oxygen flow increases to match needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of continuous flow oxygen systems?

    <p>They continuously supply oxygen irrespective of inhalation or exhalation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of aircraft systems are demand flow oxygen systems primarily used?

    <p>Large transport aircraft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What safety feature is commonly included in continuous flow oxygen systems?

    <p>Pressure relief valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is essential for reducing the pressure of high-pressure oxygen in continuous flow systems?

    <p>A regulator/reducer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main applications of continuous flow oxygen systems?

    <p>Supplying oxygen to both passengers and crew</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function does the hose attached to the mask serve in a continuous flow oxygen system?

    <p>It delivers the oxygen from the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system allows for immediate oxygen delivery without waiting for user inhalation?

    <p>Continuous flow oxygen system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of continuous flow oxygen systems in terms of installation?

    <p>They often have permanent delivery plumbing installed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the valve of a continuous flow oxygen system is opened?

    <p>A preset flow of oxygen is released continuously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is typically NOT included in a continuous flow oxygen system?

    <p>Fuel injectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant advantage of using liquid oxygen (LOX) over high-pressure gaseous oxygen cylinders?

    <p>LOX can be converted to a large amount of gaseous oxygen while using less storage space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the oxygen supply in a chemical oxygen generator?

    <p>A hammer smashing a cap that creates a spark.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of oxygen supply that a chemical oxygen generator typically provides?

    <p>10 to 20 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology is used by Onboard Oxygen Generating Systems (OBOGS) to separate oxygen from bleed air?

    <p>Molecular sieve technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is true about chemical oxygen generators on pressurized aircraft?

    <p>They cannot be extinguished once activated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of oxygen system is primarily dependent on the type of regulator for dispensing oxygen?

    <p>Onboard oxygen systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of using OBOGS in military aircraft?

    <p>Eliminates the need for liquid oxygen storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is found at the core of a chemical oxygen generator?

    <p>Sodium chlorate oxygen candle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about onboard oxygen systems is incorrect?

    <p>They rely on heavy storage cylinders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aircraft Oxygen Systems

    • Aircraft oxygen systems provide oxygen to humans and animals onboard aircraft, especially at high altitudes where oxygen pressure decreases.
    • Insufficient oxygen supply affects human body functions and degree of consciousness, leading to hypoxia
    • Oxygen systems vary in design, from continuous flow systems for small/medium aircraft to demand flow systems for larger aircraft and those flying at extreme altitudes.
    • Continuous flow systems deliver oxygen constantly through a regulator, while demand systems deliver oxygen only when needed.
    • The type of oxygen system depends on the regulator type used to dispense the oxygen.
    • High-altitude flight necessitates additional oxygen supply, achieved by increasing the quantity of oxygen in the air supply or by increasing the oxygen pressure.

    Atmospheric Composition

    • Earth's atmosphere is mainly nitrogen (78%), followed by oxygen (21%), and other gases.
    • Nitrogen is an inert gas not used directly by humans.
    • Carbon dioxide is vital for plant photosynthesis, impacting food chains.
    • Water vapour is crucial in weather formation.
    • Ozone is a form of oxygen with three oxygen atoms per molecule, crucial for filtering the sun's UV rays in the stratosphere.

    Oxygen and Hypoxia

    • Oxygen is essential for human and animal survival.
    • Aircraft flying at high altitudes experience decreased oxygen pressure in the lungs.
    • Reductions in normal oxygen levels impact body functions and consciousness levels.
    • The resulting sluggishness and impaired mental state is known as hypoxia.

    Forms of Oxygen

    • Gaseous oxygen is colorless, odorless, and tasteless at normal atmospheric temperatures and pressures.
    • Gaseous oxygen is stored and transported in high-pressure cylinders usually painted green.
    • Water levels in oxygen cylinders should be limited to 0.02ml per liter of oxygen to prevent freezing and ensure proper delivery.
    • Liquid oxygen (LOX) is a pale blue liquid stored in special insulated containers at cryogenic temperatures (below -183°C).
    • LOX can be converted to gaseous oxygen for use.
    • Chemical/solid oxygen generators use chemical reactions (sodium chlorate) to produce oxygen and are used as backup systems on pressurised aircraft.
    • Onboard oxygen generating systems (OBOGS) use sieves to extract oxygen from bleed air from the turbine engines in military aircraft.

    Aircraft Oxygen Systems Servicing

    • Gaseous oxygen storage bottles can be refilled using a ground cart.
    • Leak testing of oxygen systems involves applying a leak detection solution to fittings to detect leaks via bubble formation.
    • Safety precautions are paramount when handling oxygen, as it can readily combine with other substances to produce violent explosions.
    • Equipment and work areas must be clean and free of potential ignition sources when working with oxygen systems.

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