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Questions and Answers

What was the primary purpose of the Silk Road?

  • To facilitate trade and cultural exchange (correct)
  • To spread religious beliefs across regions
  • To promote military strategies among empires
  • To connect various royal palaces for diplomacy
  • What does Legalism emphasize in governance?

  • Consensus and democratic decision-making
  • Benevolence and morality of rulers
  • Strict laws and harsh punishments (correct)
  • Harmony with nature
  • How did Greece's geography contribute to the development of city-states?

  • By uniting different regions under one ruler
  • By isolating communities due to mountains and seas (correct)
  • By enabling large agricultural cities to grow rapidly
  • By creating a vast empire that controlled trade routes
  • What philosophy prioritizes the role of the state over individual freedom?

    <p>Legalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which war was fought between Athens and Sparta?

    <p>The Peloponnesian War (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the main features of Athenian democracy?

    <p>Regular assemblies and direct participation by citizens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Alexander the Great's conquests facilitate cultural diffusion?

    <p>By blending Greek and Eastern cultures through trade and settlement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of the Delian League in ancient Greece?

    <p>To provide military support against Persia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant achievement under Chandragupta Maurya?

    <p>The unification of the Indian subcontinent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Ashoka's leadership differ from his grandfather Chandragupta I?

    <p>Ashoka adopted non-violence and Buddhism, whereas Chandragupta was more aggressive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advancements were made during the Gupta Empire’s Golden Age?

    <p>Significant contributions in mathematics, including the concept of zero (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the features of the Greek Golden Age?

    <p>Significant progress in arts, philosophy, and science (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did ancient Greek democracy differ from modern American democracy?

    <p>Greek democracy was based on a direct election system, while American democracy relies on representative elections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the main causes of the Greco-Persian Wars?

    <p>Disputes over trade routes and Persian expansion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the goals and features of Spartan life?

    <p>Achieving military excellence and austere living (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the role of Spartan women differ from that of Athenian women?

    <p>Spartan women had more freedom and responsibilities compared to Athenian women (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Athenian city-state views on citizen participation

    Athenian city-states prioritized citizen participation in governance, differing dramatically from other contemporary systems.

    Maurya and Gupta Empires' achievements

    The Maurya and Gupta Empires in India left lasting achievements in areas like administration, trade, and art.

    Chandragupta Maurya's significant achievement

    Chandragupta Maurya established a vast and well-organized empire in ancient India, crucial in its early history.

    Ashoka's leadership vs. Chandragupta's

    Ashoka, successor to Chandragupta, shifted from military conquest to promoting peace and religious values.

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    Gupta Empire's Golden Age advancements

    The Gupta Empire's Golden Age saw advancements in mathematics, astronomy, and arts during this time.

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    Similarities & differences between Hinduism & Buddhism

    Hinduism and Buddhism, while sharing some core concepts, differ on the specifics of the path to enlightenment.

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    Historical context for Chinese philosophies

    Ancient Chinese philosophies developed in response to societal changes and conflicts within Chinese society of the time period.

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    Philosophers influencing Han & Qin policies

    Philosophers like Confucius had significant influence on political policies and societal norms during the Han and Qin dynasties.

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    Spartan life's goals & features

    Spartan life emphasized military training, discipline, and frugality, with a primary focus on societal unity and military prowess.

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    Role of Spartan women vs. Athenian women

    Spartan women had more freedom and responsibility than Athenian women, typically focused on physical training and household management while Athenian women relied more on men to handle public affairs and had limited roles.

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    Features of the Greek Golden Age

    The Greek Golden Age saw flourishing in philosophy, arts, and democracy, showcasing the significant societal and intellectual advancements attained during this time period.

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    Greek sculpture, subject matter

    Greek sculpture frequently depicted nude human figures and gods, embodying a focus on ideal human forms and emphasizing beauty and human achievements.

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    Causes of the Greco-Persian Wars

    The Greco-Persian Wars stemmed from a complex interplay of factors, including Persian expansionism and Greek resistance to foreign rule and control.

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    Greek city-states' unification

    The Greek city-states typically united only in response to a common external threat or need for military cooperation.

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    Values of Confucianism

    Confucianism emphasizes social harmony, respect for elders, and education as key to a virtuous society.

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    Legalism Principles

    Legalism focused on strict laws, harsh punishments, and strong central authority to maintain order.

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    Han Dynasty Centralized Gov't

    The Han Dynasty strengthened centralized government through bureaucratic structures and standardized practices.

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    Silk Road Impact

    The Silk Road facilitated trade and cultural exchange between East and West, significantly impacting China's economy and culture.

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    Greek City-States' Geography

    Greece's mountainous terrain and numerous islands fostered the development of independent city-states.

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    Purpose of Ancient Myths

    Myths in ancient cultures explained the world, natural phenomena, and the human condition through stories and symbolism.

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    Oligarchy in Ancient Greece

    An oligarchy is a form of government where power is held by a small group of wealthy individuals, not all citizens.

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    Athenian Democracy

    Athenian democracy featured citizen participation in decision-making through assemblies and courts.

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    Persian Empire Unity

    The Persian Empire promoted unity through standardized weights, measures, and a well-maintained infrastructure and by tolerance.

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    Persia's View of Foreign Customs

    The Persian Empire generally showed tolerance for foreign cultures and customs, allowing a degree of autonomy in conquered territories.

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    Peloponnesian War

    The Peloponnesian War was a significant war in ancient Greece between Athens and Sparta, primarily.

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    Delian League Purpose

    The Delian League was formed for the purpose of protecting Greece from Persian invasion – initially.

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    Effects of Peloponnesian War

    The Peloponnesian War resulted in massive devastation and weakening of the Greek city-states, making them vulnerable to outside threats.

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    Alexander's Lasting Achievement

    Alexander's most lasting achievement was spreading Greek culture and ideas throughout his vast empire, impacting a large portion of the world through cultural diffusion.

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    Alexander's Troops Stopping

    Alexander's troops stopped advancing due to exhaustion, logistical issues, and opposition from local communities.

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    Alexander's Conquests & Cultural Diffusion

    Alexander the Great's conquests facilitated interaction of different cultures and the spread of Greek ideas (Hellenistic period) throughout a vast area, including Asia.

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    Qin Shi Huangdi Adopted Legalism

    Shi Huangdi adopted Legalist principles to unify China by establishing strict laws and strong central control.

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    Study Notes

    Classical Civilizations Review

    • China: Maurya and Gupta Empires had significant achievements. Ashoka's leadership differed from Chandragupta's. Gupta Golden Age advancements and beliefs shared and differing between Hinduism and Buddhism. Philosophies in China influenced Han and Qin policies. Confucianism's values and key ideas. Legalism adoption by Qin Shi Huangdi. Han Dynasty's centralized government development. Silk Road's purpose and impact on China.

    • India: Achievements of Maurya and Gupta Empires. Ashoka's leadership contrasted with Chandragupta's. Gupta Golden Age advancements. Beliefs shared and differing between Hinduism and Buddhism. Philosophies influencing Han and Qin policies, Legalism's role. Development of Han dynasty centralized government. Silk Road's purpose and influence on China.

    • Persia: City-states like Athens viewed citizen participation. Greek democracy vs. modern American democracy. Spartan life's goals and features. Role of Spartan women compared to Athenian women. Features of the Greek Golden Age. Greek sculpture. Causes of Greco-Persian Wars. Greek city-states unifying against Persia. How Persian Empire promoted unity and viewed foreign customs. Peloponnesian War, its participants, effects and why it happened. Delian League establishment.

    • Greece: Greek city-state influence by geography. Alexander the Great's most significant achievement. Alexander's forces reasons for stopping. Cultural diffusion's connection to Alexander's conquests. Myths' primary purpose in ancient cultures. Oligarchy and its use in ancient Greece. Athenian democracy, and responsibilities of citizens and noncitizens.

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