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What is the primary role of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the body?

  • Increasing adrenal gland hormone release
  • Promoting growth in almost every cell (correct)
  • Regulating blood sugar levels
  • Stimulating the production of thyroid hormones
  • Which gland does growth hormone (GH) primarily act upon to stimulate IGF-1 secretion?

  • Pituitary gland
  • Thyroid gland
  • Adrenal cortex
  • Liver (correct)
  • What is a potential effect of excess growth hormone caused by a pituitary tumor?

  • Increased muscle mass (correct)
  • Reduced energy levels
  • Diminished thyroid function
  • Decreased bone density
  • Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the release of growth hormone (GH)?

    <p>Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organs are primarily affected by the hormones released from the anterior pituitary gland regarding growth and energy regulation?

    <p>Mammary glands and gonads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gland is the anterior pituitary classified as?

    <p>A true endocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do trophic neurohormones play in the anterior pituitary function?

    <p>They cause the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the neurohormones synthesized in the hypothalamus travel to reach the anterior pituitary?

    <p>Through a portal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is NOT released by the anterior pituitary?

    <p>Vasopressin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of oxytocin in the body?

    <p>Stimulating uterine contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is primarily targeted by vasopressin?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the capillary beds in the anterior pituitary operation?

    <p>They facilitate hormone distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurohormone is responsible for regulating the mammary glands' function?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

    <p>Prolactin and thyrotropin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?

    <p>To regulate the synthesis of hormones in the anterior pituitary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is NOT produced by the pituitary gland?

    <p>Thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the posterior pituitary release neurohormones into the bloodstream?

    <p>Through exocytosis from vesicles stored in the gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the relationship between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?

    <p>The hypothalamus secretes neurohormones that regulate the anterior pituitary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be a consequence of dysfunction in the growth hormone secretion?

    <p>Stunted growth in children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition could result from abnormal functioning of the thyroid hormone?

    <p>Hypothyroidism leading to fatigue and weight gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of signaling is primarily involved in the communication between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland?

    <p>Neuroendocrine signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

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