5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) Pyrimidine Analog Mechanism and Clinical Applications
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Questions and Answers

How does 5-Fluorouracil interfere with cellular processes?

  • By promoting DNA synthesis
  • By enhancing thymidine production
  • By inhibiting the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid (correct)
  • By increasing the rate of cell division

What is the role of thymidine in cellular processes?

  • Acting as a precursor for DNA synthesis (correct)
  • Serving as a signaling molecule
  • Promoting cell division
  • Enhancing protein synthesis

In which type of tumors is 5-Fluorouracil primarily used for treatment?

  • Slow-growing solid tumors (correct)
  • Lung carcinomas
  • Blood cancers
  • Fast-growing solid tumors

What is the effect of topically applied 5-Fluorouracil on superficial basal cell carcinomas?

<p>It is effective for treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the fluorine atom in 5-Fluorouracil significant?

<p>It interferes with the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to keep the urine alkaline and the patient well hydrated when administering methotrexate?

<p>To reduce the risk of renal toxicity due to 7-hydroxymethotrexate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration can be used for methotrexate besides the oral route?

<p>Subcutaneous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should pemetrexed and pralatrexate be given with folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements?

<p>To reduce hematologic and GI toxicities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect is associated with pemetrexed that necessitates pretreatment with corticosteroids?

<p>Ocular toxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category do drugs like 6-mercaptopurine and fludarabine belong to?

<p>Antimetabolites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are some drugs in the purine analogs category used as immunosuppressants and antivirals instead of for cancer chemotherapy?

<p>As they have immunosuppressive and antiviral actions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemotherapeutic agent is a pyrimidine analog with a stable fluorine atom at position 5 of the uracil ring?

<p>Capecitabine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) in the treatment of neoplastic diseases?

<p>Inhibiting purine nucleotide synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme initially phosphorylates Fludarabine to its active form in cells?

<p>Deoxycytidine kinase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main target of thymidine inhibitors among chemotherapeutic agents?

<p>Pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Fludarabine administered intravenously rather than orally?

<p>To avoid toxic metabolite formation in the intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemotherapeutic agent is used in the maintenance of remission in acute lymphoblastic leukemia?

<p>6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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