17 Questions
How does 5-Fluorouracil interfere with cellular processes?
By inhibiting the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid
What is the role of thymidine in cellular processes?
Acting as a precursor for DNA synthesis
In which type of tumors is 5-Fluorouracil primarily used for treatment?
Slow-growing solid tumors
What is the effect of topically applied 5-Fluorouracil on superficial basal cell carcinomas?
It is effective for treatment
Why is the fluorine atom in 5-Fluorouracil significant?
It interferes with the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid
Why is it important to keep the urine alkaline and the patient well hydrated when administering methotrexate?
To reduce the risk of renal toxicity due to 7-hydroxymethotrexate
Which route of administration can be used for methotrexate besides the oral route?
Subcutaneous
Why should pemetrexed and pralatrexate be given with folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements?
To reduce hematologic and GI toxicities
What adverse effect is associated with pemetrexed that necessitates pretreatment with corticosteroids?
Ocular toxicity
Which category do drugs like 6-mercaptopurine and fludarabine belong to?
Antimetabolites
Why are some drugs in the purine analogs category used as immunosuppressants and antivirals instead of for cancer chemotherapy?
As they have immunosuppressive and antiviral actions
Which chemotherapeutic agent is a pyrimidine analog with a stable fluorine atom at position 5 of the uracil ring?
Capecitabine
What is the primary mechanism of action of 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) in the treatment of neoplastic diseases?
Inhibiting purine nucleotide synthesis
Which enzyme initially phosphorylates Fludarabine to its active form in cells?
Deoxycytidine kinase
What is the main target of thymidine inhibitors among chemotherapeutic agents?
Pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis
Why is Fludarabine administered intravenously rather than orally?
To avoid toxic metabolite formation in the intestine
Which chemotherapeutic agent is used in the maintenance of remission in acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP)
Explore the mechanism of action of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), its role as a pyrimidine analog disrupting DNA synthesis, and its clinical applications in treating slow-growing solid tumors like colorectal, breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and gastric carcinomas.
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