18 Questions
What is the purpose of the 1973 Philippine Constitution, as stated in the Preamble?
To promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of democracy
Who was elected as the president of the Constitutional Convention?
Carlos P. Garcia
How long is the term of the President of the Philippines, according to the 1973 Constitution?
Six years, with a maximum of one term
Who appoints the members of the Cabinet, according to the 1973 Constitution?
The President, with the majority of the Cabinet members coming from the Regional Representatives of the Batasang Pambansa
When was the new constitution signed by President Ferdinand E. Marcos?
January 17, 1973
How many Members can the Batasang Pambansa have, according to the 1973 Constitution?
A maximum of 200 Members
What was the percentage of voters who approved the new constitution?
95%
How many times was the 1973 constitution amended?
22 times
What year did Ferdinand Marcos win the re-election, according to the text?
1969
What is the date when the term of the President begins, according to the 1973 Constitution?
The thirtieth day of June following the day of the election
What system of government was introduced to the Philippines by the 1973 constitution?
Parliamentary system
What event occurred after the new constitution was signed by President Ferdinand E. Marcos?
Martial law was declared
What was the primary reason cited by Marcos for imposing Martial Law in the Philippines?
Growing communist insurgency
What was the outcome of the Citizen Assemblies in relation to Martial Law?
The continuation of Martial Law and approval of constitutional amendments
What was the effect of the 1973 Constitutional Amendments on the form of government?
The modification of the parliamentary system into a semi-presidential system
What was the composition of the Executive Committee created under the 1973 Constitution?
The Prime Minister and 14 members of the Cabinet
According to the 1935 Constitution, under what circumstances may Martial Law be imposed?
In cases of actual or imminent invasion, rebellion, or lawlessness
What was the significance of Proclamation No. 1081?
It declared the Philippines under Martial Law
Study Notes
The 1971 Constitutional Convention
- The Constitutional Convention began on June 1, 1971, with former President Carlos P. Garcia as its president.
- The convention was called to change the 1935 Constitution, following a 1967 resolution by the Philippine Congress.
The New Constitution
- The Constitutional Convention finished its work on November 30, 1972, and signed the new constitution.
- President Ferdinand Marcos sent the new constitution to the people for approval in a referendum held in barangay assemblies.
- 95% of voters approved the new constitution.
Implementation of the New Constitution
- On January 17, 1973, President Marcos signed the new constitution and declared it effective.
- The new constitution was protested by many Filipinos in the Supreme Court, but it was allowed to proceed.
Amendments to the 1973 Constitution
- The 1973 constitution was amended 22 times, in 1973, 1976, 1981, and 1984.
- Some provisions of the constitution were never followed.
Key Features of the 1973 Philippine Constitution
Preamble
- The preamble states that the sovereign Filipino people established a government to promote the general welfare, conserve and develop the nation's patrimony, and secure democracy under a regime of justice, peace, liberty, and equality.
Term of the President
- The President is elected by direct vote of the people for a term of six years.
- The term begins at noon on June 30 following the election and ends at noon of the same date six years thereafter.
The Prime Minister, Cabinet, and Executive Committee
- The Prime Minister is the head of the Cabinet.
- The Cabinet is appointed by the President, with a majority of Members coming from the Regional Representatives of the Batasang Pambansa.
Batasang Pambansa
- The Legislative power is vested in the Batasang Pambansa, composed of not more than 200 Members.
Martial Law
- Ferdinand Marcos placed the Philippines under Martial Law on September 21, 1972, citing a growing communist insurgency.
- He announced the imposition of Martial Law on September 23, 1972, at 7:15 PM.
- Martial Law was provided for in the 1935 Constitution.
Amendments to the 1973 Constitution
- The Citizen Assemblies allowed the continuation of Martial Law and approved amendments to the constitution.
- The amendments introduced a parliamentary system of government, with the President becoming the Prime Minister and exercising legislative powers until Martial Law was lifted.
- The executive Committee was created, composed of the Prime Minister and 14 members serving as the Cabinet of the President.
Test your knowledge of the 1973 Philippine Constitution's preamble, which outlines the country's ideals and goals for its citizens. Learn about the principles of democracy, justice, and equality that shape the nation's government. Evaluate your understanding of the constitution's foundation.
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