18th Century Enlightenment Vocabulary
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'Ancien Regime' refer to?

  • An absolutist political system with a stratified society and strong religious influence. (correct)
  • A form of government where power is shared among different branches.
  • A movement that encourages international trade and commerce.
  • A political system that promotes democracy and social equality.

    • What characterizes the Enlightenment cultural movement?

  • Advocacy for the social structures of the Ancien Regime.
  • A focus on traditional beliefs and religious doctrines.
  • Confidence in reason and faith in human progress. (correct)
  • Strong support for absolute monarchy.

    • What was the purpose of the 'Encyclopedia' published by Diderot and D’Alembert?

  • To argue against the Enlightenment ideals.
  • To summarize the knowledge of the time. (correct)
  • To promote the principles of absolute monarchy.
  • To document the history of mercantilism.

    • Which political system attempted to merge absolutism with Enlightenment ideas?

    <p>Enlightened despotism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main belief of physiocracy?

    <p>A nation's wealth is solely based on its land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    18th Century Enlightenment Vocabulary

    • Ancien Régime: A political system with absolute monarchy, a hierarchical society, and strong religious influence. This term was used by French revolutionaries.

    • Enlightenment: A cultural movement emphasizing reason, human progress, and criticism of the old order (ancien régime).

    • Encyclopedia: A 28-volume compilation edited by Diderot and D'Alembert, which summarized 18th-century knowledge. Published between 1751 and 1772.

    • Absolute Monarchy: A political system where the king controls all aspects of governance—executive, legislative, judicial, military, and economic.

    • Enlightened Despotism: A political philosophy that tried to combine absolute rule with Enlightenment ideals of progress.

    • European Supremacy: A situation where one European nation holds significant power and influence over others.

    • Balance of Power: A concept implying equal power among European nations, preventing any one from dominating others.

    • Physiocracy: An economic theory asserting that a nation's wealth originates solely from land resources.

    • Mercantilism: An economic theory that believed a country's wealth was based on accumulating precious metals through international trade.

    • Liberalism: An economic philosophy that viewed individual work, aiming for maximum personal benefit, as the true source of wealth.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of key terms from the 18th Century Enlightenment. This quiz covers essential vocabulary related to political systems, cultural movements, and influential publications of the era. Prepare to explore concepts that shaped modern thought and governance.

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